為消除基於性別、民族和宗教信仰的各種歧視，中國人力資源和社會保障部日前釋出了《網路招聘服務管理規定》（下稱《規定》）。這部將自2021年3月1日起施行的新規指出，用人單位向人力資源服務機構提供的網路招聘資訊，不得含有民族、種族、性別、宗教信仰等方面的歧視性內容。

同時，《規定》也要求，人力資源服務機構應當建立健全網路招聘服務使用者資訊保護制度，不得洩露、篡改、毀損或者非法出售、非法向他人提供其收集的個人公民身份證號碼、年齡、性別、住址、聯絡方式和用人單位經營狀況等資訊。

China has decided to rid the recruitment process of all sorts of discrimination based on gender, ethnicity and religious beliefs. The task will be accomplished through a set of new regulations issued by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security on Wednesday. These rules will take effect from March 1, 2021.

The latest stipulations require HR agencies, especially companies involved in online recruitment, to fortify their protection of people's personal information. They prohibit them from leaking, altering, destroying or illegally selling or providing others with the ID number, age, gender, address, contact and other personal information of individuals that they've collected. These companies are also asked to conduct annual security audits to ensure the continued protection of the personal information they've collected.

然而，許多網友表示，新規出發點雖好，但實際監督與執行確有難度，用人單位依舊會想出其他藉口迴避他們不想僱傭的人。

新浪科技在微博上釋出了一項名為“求職中的性別歧視”的線上調查。調查結果顯示，在1849名參與者中超過652人覺得公司直接表明自己的偏好“也挺好”，這樣求職者就不會把他們的時間浪費在不合適的地方；516人則表示性別歧視在招聘中是很正常的現象，“很多職務更合適男性或女性”；另有624人同意在招聘中應禁止歧視。

Many netizens say the new rules mean well but might not work, as job providers will find other excuses not to hire people they are biased toward, such as pregnant women or those over 45.

Sina Tech conducted a live-updated online survey on Chinese social media platform Weibo, titled "Gender discrimination in job seeking." In the survey, over 652 people among 1,849 participants said it's better for companies to openly declare their intention so that job aspirants will not waste their time on the company, while 516 people said discrimination in job seeking is very normal, as some jobs are more suitable to be done by men rather than women. Another 624 people agreed that discrimination should be banned in job recruitment.

In an online survey conducted by China News on Weibo, 54.5 percent of respondents said they had experienced gender discrimination in job hunting. /CFP

在另一項由中國新聞網在微博上釋出的，名為“你在生活中遇到過性別歧視嗎”的網路調查中，超過64.5%的受訪者表示他們在求職中遇到過歧視。其中，54.5%的人表示他們經歷過性別歧視，10%的人表示他們經歷過其他型別的歧視。約15%的人表示，他們從未遇到過性別歧視。另一些人則表示，他們還沒有達到勞動年齡，希望將來不再遭受這種痛苦。

這不是相關部門第一次注意到職場性別歧視。去年2月，人力資源社會保障部等九部門印發了《關於進一步規範招聘行為促進婦女就業的通知》，要求在招聘環節中，不得限定性別（國家規定的女職工禁忌勞動範圍等情況除外）或性別優先，不得以性別為由限制婦女求職就業、拒絕錄用婦女，不得將限制生育作為錄用條件等。

In another online survey titled "Have you ever encountered gender discrimination in life?" conducted by China News on Weibo, over 64.5 percent of the respondents said they had faced discrimination in job hunting. Among them, 54.5 percent said they had experienced gender discrimination, and 10 percent said they experienced other types of discrimination. About 15 percent said they had never encountered gender discrimination. Others said they hadn't reached the working age, hoping they don't need to suffer this in the future. Over 8,600 people participated in the survey.

It's not the first time officials are regulating gender discrimination in recruitment. Last year, over nine ministries issued the "Six Don'ts," listing actions that companies should not indulge in: excluding women in the recruitment process, rejecting women based on gender-related issues, asking women for information like their marital status and pregnancy planning, raising the job selection threshold for women, and restricting women from giving birth as an employment condition.

對於很多女性來說在求職路上有幾個躲不過去的問題：談戀愛了嗎？結婚了嗎？生孩子了嗎？打算生二胎嗎？……

在職場競爭中，“近期有生育計劃”往往會削弱女性的競爭力。而對於用人單位來講，女性員工的產假意味著更高的用人成本，所以在聘用女員工時更為謹慎。

要想有效地解決這些矛盾，還需要更多配套措施和來自社會的助力。

Xu Yu, a 32-year-old female who has been working for nine years, said when she tried to change her job in 2018, of the five companies that called her for an interview, three told her that she could not get the job if she wanted to have a baby in the following years. At the time, she was married but without a child, which made the employers wonder.

The experience made Xu realize for the first time that when a woman enters her 30s, she faces more restrictions in the job market.

Jin Xin, a 36-year-old female HR manager, said the companies are very careful in recruiting a female employee because of the high cost. "If the company hires a female who soon gets pregnant, for at least four months or as long as half of a year, her position will be vacant with no one to do the work, but the company still has to pay her salary. So, during recruitment, companies will think twice when they encounter a woman."

Besides gender discrimination, recruitment is also plagued by age discrimination. /CFP

However, Jin said she could understand the difficulties faced by the companies and that the cost related to pregnancy should be shared by the whole society, including the government and employers. She said she had interviews with 10 companies last year but was rejected by five, and their reasons were the same: She was married and without a child.

"I really wanted to tell those interviewers not to ask me that question again!" Jin said.

除了性別歧視，許多求職者在招聘中也會受到來自年齡歧視的困擾。

有網民抱怨稱，一些公司要求應聘者年齡在40歲或45歲以下。

此次出臺的《規定》中沒有對此作出約束。

Besides gender discrimination, recruitment is also plagued by age discrimination.

Many netizens complain that some companies require that potential candidates be below 40 or 45. Even in the recruitment of civil servants, many departments require that the job seeker's age not exceed 35. And the new rules announced on Wednesday do not cover this type of discrimination.