-
1 # 名思教育小左老師
-
2 # 網鏈課堂
目錄
一 形容詞從句
定語從句二 名詞性從句
主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句三 狀語從句
時間, 地點, 原因, 結果 , 目的, 條件, 方式, 比較四 動詞
動詞沒有從句油管新東方張蘭心老師從句系列影片學習筆記
一 形容詞從句
定語從句
定語用於修飾名字，從多個名字確定一個，縮小範圍起到限定作用。定語從句修飾名字，跟在所修飾的後面（人或者物體）。The big woman served me.
The womanwho has a handbag served me.
如上面的例子。核心成分the woman served me，說這句話的時候我們並不知道是哪個woman，所以我們在後面加上who has a handbag形容這個woman。這就可以知道：是一個拿著手提包的woman服務的我，起到了限定woman的作用。列：在這間辦公室工作的人很友好。
step1:找到名詞和定語
step2:名詞+who/which+定語
step3:逐個翻譯
The people who work in the office are very friendly.
列：住在樓下的女人是醫生
The woman who lives downstairs is a doctor.
列：你認識那個想買車的女人嗎
Do you know the woman who wants to buy a car?
列：我要嫁一個愛我的人
I want to marry a man who loves me. //who是從句主語
列：我要嫁一個我愛的人
I want to marry a man who I love. //who是從句賓語
規則：who, which, that 作為從句賓語的時候可以去掉的！如果who直接發生的動作，證明是主語；如果後面另外一個主語發生動作，who作為賓語。
列：我們見到的人很友好
The people we met were very friendly.
列：媽媽做的晚飯很好吃
The dinner my mother cooked was nice.
列：我老婆買的魚是死的
The fish my wife bought was dead.
列：我找到了那本我想要的書
I found the book I wanted.
只能用that，不能用which的情況有以下四種：
1 不定代詞後面的定語從句；不定代詞-all little few much none everything anything ..
Is there anything that I can do for you.
Tony told his mother matter all that had happened.
2 名詞被不定代詞修飾
3 名詞最高階
This is the best book that I have read.
這是我讀過最好的書（This is the best book I have read）
4 名詞由序數詞（first，second，next，last..）修飾
The is the last thing that I want to do.
我非常不想做這件事！
whose作為引導詞，翻譯為：...的
列：有沒有窗戶朝海的房間
Are there any rooms？這裡有沒有
The room"s windows face the sea.
Are there any rooms whose windows face the sea？
列：我明天回去那個小鎮。
小鎮的名字我聽說過。
We will go to the town.
I have heard the name of the town.
Tomorrow we will go to the town whose name I have headed.
以介詞結尾的定語從句
This is theplace which I live in.這是我住的地方。
This is the place in which I live.
介詞在定語從句句尾太孤單，挪到which前面更正式。
介詞後可以用 which, whose, whom
You are the guy we are trying to get away from.
You are the guy from whom we are trying to get away.
I am living in a huge house in which I can even play golf. (I am living in a huge house I can even play golf in.)
The driver was the man from whose room she had stolen the maps.
地點名詞 where
This is the place where I live/
This IS The place which I live in.
this is the place in which I live.
I grew up in the small village where I was born.
我在我出生的小村莊長大。
表示抽象地點的詞, 程度 point, case, position, condition, situation, 常用where引導
We have reached a point(這一步) where(in which) medicine cannot help.
It has put me in a position where (in which) I cannot afford to take the job.
But there are some parts of the world (where/which) even now people cannot write.
判斷方法：用定語從句去連線前面的名詞, 能連上就which；
Even now people cannot write the world. //連不上
時間名詞+when
我們都遇到過一切都是錯的日子。
We have all experienced days when (on which) everything is goes wrong.
對比
We have all experienced days that seemed likes years.
The was a time when I have short 頭髮.
reason/cause 原因
This is reason why I did not come here. 這就是我沒來這裡的原因
非限定性定語從句（不需要限定，也能修飾名詞）補充說明，多說一句
限定定語：必要的
the beautiful mother.
john"s mother.
john"s(限定) beautiful(起不到限定作用，補充說明) mother.
1 格式：,which/who(不能用that)
2 定語從句沒有縮小名詞的範圍，去掉不影響理解。（定語從句前面的名詞是唯一的，不需要縮小範圍）
Yesterday I met my girlfriend(女朋友不唯一) who lives across the street.//I have more than one girlfriend.
Yesterday I met my girlfriend(已經唯一了),who lives across the street.
非限定性定語從句
,which 可以代替前面整句話
She is beautiful, which makes her roommate envy her.
We ran out of money, which did not bother me a lot.
as 通常引導非限定性定語從句
可以放在句首或句中（句中可用which替代）指代整個句子
As sb. say...
As is said...
As we all know... 像我們知道的那樣
As is known to all...
As is have told to...
As everyone knows...眾所周知（像被所有人知道的那樣）
像...一樣
As we all know, the whale is not a fish but mammal.
=The whale is not a fish but mammal, as we all know.
=The whale is not a fish but mammal, which we all know.
-
3 # 教師七日談
定語從句在中考中出現頻率較高，需要我們認真對待。定語從句中比較細碎的知識點大多在引導詞的用法方面，今天我給大家講解一下定語從句中只能用引導詞that的情況。如:
1.當先行詞為everything、all、little、much、none等不定代詞時，只能用引導詞that。
There is nothing that can stop him from doing it. 沒有任何東西能夠阻止他做這件事。
2.當先行詞既包含人又包含物時，只能用引導詞that。
They are talking of the stars and their apperances that interest them. 他們正在談論他們感興趣的明星及他們的外貌。
3.當先行詞前有 last、next、only、very等詞修飾時，只能用引導詞that。
The only person that he can remember is his mother. 他唯一能記住的人是他的母親。
4.當先行詞是疑問代詞who，which，what或主句以這些詞開頭時，只能用引導詞that。
Who is the girl that is playing the guitar? 在彈吉他的女孩是誰?
5.當先行詞為形容詞最高階或被形容詞最高階修飾時， 只能用引導詞that。
This is the most interesting story book that I have ever read.
這是我讀過的一本最有趣的故事書。
定語從句中引導詞很多，還存在許多用法相近、經常可互換的引導詞，非常容易搞混，對此我們能想到的辦法就是結合例句逐條記憶。只有將知識點細化，才能記憶地更加精細準確！
-
4 # 三言高效學習方法
定語從句是初中到高中的過程中，一個難點，也是重點。很多同學到了大學也沒理解定語從句。在這裡我從是什麼、為什麼、怎麼做題，這三個方面進行介紹，希望對您孩子有幫助。
一、什麼是定語從句很通俗地說就是形容詞，用來修飾某個人或某物。
二、為什麼有定語從句隨著我們英語學習逐漸加深，會發現簡單的形容詞已經無法滿足我們的表達。這時候出現了定語，定語其實就是我們中文裡的形容詞，只不過這個形容詞是一個句子，用來修飾人或物。
從這張滑稽的植物大戰殭屍中提取出來的圖片，我們能夠更好的理解定語本質就是形容詞。
下面我們用zombie的例子繼續發散
三、定語從句深度理解：先、關、定三字結構
四、第二個重點：關係詞（定語從句命脈）這個關係詞，可是將眾多人堵在高分關卡之外的大“關”。下面這張圖能幫助你更好地梳理。
五、關係代詞常考點1） that 就像萬金油，既可以指物，又可以指人；大多數情況下，能用 which 的地方能用 that，能用who/ whom 的地方也能用that。
2） whose 指代人或物的什麼東西，專業說法叫“所有格”，比如 a house whose window looks over the sea（有一間房子，它的窗戶面朝大海）
六、關係副詞常考點關係副詞只有3個，when / where / why。它們才是定語從句的終極大boss！。
只需要稍用點力記住：
when 表示啥時，= 介詞+ which
where 表示在哪，= 介詞 + which
why 表示為啥，= for + which（因為先行詞是 reason，固定搭配 for the reason）。
七、定語從句中的特殊情況不能用which，只能用that的4種情況。：
1）先行詞前面有修飾詞：only, very, the best（最高階）, the first（序數詞）, all（不定代詞）等；
2）先行詞本身是 something/ somebody，anything/ anybody，nothing/ nobody，everything/ everybody，all等不定代詞；
3）用which提問的疑問句（避免重複，否則蹩腳）
eg. Which is the man that you met yesterday?
4）先行詞同時包括人 + 物
eg. Tell me about the people and things that/ 不填 you came across on the trip.
八
八、定語從句的解題技巧1.先找先行詞
2.將先行詞與定語從句連成一句話
3.判斷關係詞
下面以這道題為例進行講解（ps：cabin小木屋）
1）先行詞：cabin，怎樣跟從句部分聯絡起來？The cabin was built for me.
所以，橫線處的關係詞，替代 the cabin。注意哦，僅僅指代小木屋，而不是在小木屋裡面之類的短語。此外，cabin 是物，不是人，所以用 which 或 that。
2）先行詞：cabin，和從句部分聯絡起來：I visit the cabin every summer. 注意哦，visit是及物動詞，後面直接跟 cabin；visit the cabin，這人每個夏天都去小木屋玩的。
所以，橫線處指代the cabin，指物，用 which 或 that；此外，the cabin 在這句裡又作賓語，“作賓語可以省略”，所以關係詞可以不填。
3）先行詞還是 cabin，跟從句部分聯絡起來：I live in the cabin every summer. 注意哦，這裡是 in the cabin。表示“在哪裡”，肯定用 where 啊。此處的介詞是 in，所以還可以改成 in which.
-
5 # 英語學人
理解什麼是定語
因為，定語從句是用從句作定語，所以，要先理解定語，再理解定語從句。
定語是修飾名詞的成分。
能充當定語的成分很多，主要有形容詞，介詞短語，不定式和從句。
形容詞
A tall girl is standing on the beach. 一個高個子女孩正站在海邊。
What a fine day today. 今天的陽光多麼明媚。
介詞短語
Who is that girl in blue shirt? 穿藍連衣裙的女孩是誰？
I like the girl with curly hair. 我喜歡有捲髮的那名女孩。
非謂語
I have something to say. 我有一些話要說。
理解關係詞關係詞是連線主句和從句的關鍵。關係詞分關係代詞和關係副詞，從修飾的角度講：
修飾人用who和whom修飾從屬關係用whose修飾物用which修飾什麼都可以用that修飾時間用when修飾地點用where可見，定語從句就是模組化的定語，大定語。它是定語從形容詞向複雜發展的產物。要表達複雜的修飾意思，就得用從句。
-
6 # 草石讀書
定語從句是英語中高考的重點和難點，作為英語專業畢業，現在從事英語教育的老師，下面就定語從句的學習要點做一個總結，希望對大家有幫助。
1）定義：
在複合句中，用一個句子來修飾名詞或代詞，則這個句子叫做定語從句。該句子一般放在被修飾的詞後面，被修飾的詞叫做先行詞，先行詞和從句之間需要有引導詞，又叫關係詞（即連線詞）來引導。
2）定從引導詞：
定語從句的引導詞包括關係代詞和關係副詞，具體：
關係代詞：that, which, who, whom, whose, as
關係副詞：where, when, why
3）定從翻譯要點：
將先行詞放在從句後翻譯，句中其它成分的翻譯語序不變
eg. The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
分析：此句中，the first place為先行詞，that是引導詞，從句部分為they visited in London,因此翻譯順序應為：they visited in London+the first place+was the Big Ben：
所以，此句應譯為：他們參觀倫敦的第一個地方是大本鐘。
4）用法講解：
A. 關係代詞引導的定從：
Who: a) 先行詞必須是人 b) who代替先行詞在從句中作主語。
eg. The boys who are playing football are from Class 1.
eg. Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
Whom: a) 先行詞必須是人 b) whom代替先行詞在從句中作賓語。c) whom代替先行詞在句中作賓語時常可省略。
eg. Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
eg. Li Ling is just the boy (whom) I want to see.
Which: a) 先行詞必須是物 b) which 代替先行詞在句中既可作主語也可作賓語（作賓語時常可省略）。
eg. This is the pen (which) I bought yesterday.
That: a) 先行詞既可是人，也可是物（相當於who, whom, which) b) that代替先行詞在句中既可作主語也可作賓語（作賓語時常可省略)
eg. Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?
Whose: 既可指人也可指物，在從句中作定語，一般譯為“XX的+先行詞”。
eg. He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
注：whose 引導的句子，先行詞是物時，常可用of 結構代替：
eg. The classroom whose door is broken will be repaired soon.
=The classroom the door of which is broken will be repaired soon.
eg. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
=Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?
As: 引導非限制性定語從句，代替一個句子，一般譯為“正如，正像。。。”。
eg. He married her, as was natural.
注：as 引導非限制性定語從句，可放於主句之前，也可放於主句之後，甚至可以放在句中。當as 引導的從句放於主句之後時，as可以與which互換:
eg. As is known to all, China is a developing country.
eg. He was honest, as(which) we can see.
B.介詞+關係代詞引導的定從：
構成：介詞+whom/which
若先行詞是人，則用介詞+whom；若先行詞是物，則用介詞+which
eg. The school in which he once studied is very famous. (此處in which相當於where)
=1. The school is very famous. 2. He once studied in the school.
（先行詞是the school-物，且因為是in the school,所以用in which)
eg. Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine, for which you asked.
=1. Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine. 2. You asked for the magazine.
（先行詞是magazine-物，且因為是ask for the magazine,所以用for which)
eg. The man with whom you talked is my friend.
=1. The man is my friend. 2. you talked with the man.
（先行詞是man-人，且因為是talk with the man,所以用with whom)
注：含有介詞的動詞短語一般不拆開，如：look for, look after, take care of...
eg. This is the watch which(that) I am looking for.
A. 關係副詞引導的定從：
When: a) 先行詞必須是時間名詞 b) when代替先行詞在從句中充當時間狀語
eg. I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
Where: a) 先行詞必須是地點名詞 b) where 代替先行詞在從句中充當地點狀語
eg. Shanghai is the city where I was born.
Why: a) 先行詞一般是reason b) why 代替reason在從句中充當原因狀語
eg. Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
注:
a) 當先行詞是時間/地點/原因名詞時，若它在從句中充當主語或賓語，則不能用when/where/why引導，應用that/which.
eg. I won’t forget those days that(which) I spent with you.
解讀：此句中，先行詞是充當從句中spent的賓語，因此不能用when,而要用that/which.
eg. The school that(which) we first visited is very famous.
eg. The school where I once studied is very famous.
解讀：第一句中，先行詞是充當從句中visited的賓語，因此用that/which；第二句中，先行詞是充當從句中的地點狀語（不是I once studied the school-the school作studied的賓語, 而是I once studied in the school-the school作studied的地點狀語)，因此用where.
eg. This is the reason that(which) he explained to me.
eg. This is the reason why he was late.
解讀：第一句中，先行詞是充當從句中explained的賓語，因此用that/which；第二句中，先行詞是充當從句中的原因狀語，因此用where.
Tips：定語從句中，若先行詞是時間/地點/原因名詞，先判斷從句中當從句中是否缺主語或賓語，若既不缺主語，也不缺賓語時，則用相應的關係副詞when/where/why引導；若從句中缺主語或賓語，則用which/that引導。
b) 某些關係副詞引導的定從與介詞+關係代詞引導的定從可互換，即：where/when/why+定從=介詞+關係代詞+定從
eg. The year was 1932, when I arrived here.
=The year was 1932 in which I arrived here.
1. The year was 1932. 2. I arrived here in 1932
eg. This is the tower where I took a photo.
=This is the tower in front of which I took a photo.
1. This is the tower. 2. I took a photo in front of the tower.
eg. This is the reason why he was late.
=This is the reason for which he was late.
1. This is the reason. 2. He was late for the reason.
但並不是所有的介詞+關係代詞引導的定從都可以與關係副詞引導的定從互換，如：
This is the tower about which they were just talking. (此句無法用關係副詞引導的定從表示）
B. that, which引導定從時的區別：
that 和which引導定語從句時，都可以代替先行詞在從句中充當主語或賓語，但which的先行詞必須是物，而that的先行詞既可以是人，也可以是物。當that或which代替先行詞在句中作賓語時，常可省略。
eg. Where is the man that(whom) I saw this morning?
eg. This is the pen(which) I bought yesterday.
A) 只用that的情況：
a. 當先行詞是不定代詞（複合不定代詞），如：anything, everything, nothing, something, few, all, none, little, some, any, no, much等或由不定代詞any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修飾時。
eg. All that can be done has been done.
eg. There is nothing that I can do for you.
b. 當先行詞被序數詞修飾時。
eg. The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
c. 當先行詞被形容詞最高階修飾時。
eg. This is the best film that I have seen.
d. 當先行詞被the very, the only, the right, the next 等修飾時。
eg. This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.
e. 當先行詞前有who, which等疑問代詞時。
eg. Who is the man that is standing there?
f. 當先行詞由兩部分組成（由and連線）且這兩部分包括人和物時。
eg. Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?
B) 只用which的情況：
a) 在非限制性定語從句中。
eg. China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.
b) 在介詞+關係代詞的定語從句中。
eg. The school in which I once studied is very famous.
c) 先行詞為that, those時。
eg. What’s that which is under the desk?
Note:
1. 先行詞：定語從句中被修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞，一般放在引導詞前面。
2. 引導詞/關係詞：定語從句中用來連線主句和從句的詞，包括關係代詞和關係副詞。
3. 非限制性定語從句：定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確；非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號分開，將非限定性定語從句放在句子中間，其前後都需要用逗號隔開。
回覆列表
限定性定語從句與非限定性定語從句的區別a) 非限定性定語從句和主句的關係不十分密切，朗讀時先行詞部分一般用降調並稍做 停頓，書寫的時候多半用逗號分開。b) 非限定性定語從句能夠修飾整個句子，限定性定語從句則不能。c) 非限定性定語從句與限定性定語從句的含義不一樣，限定性定語從句是確指，而非 限定性定語從句是泛指。d) 先行詞為專有名詞或者具有特指物件的名詞時，一般要用到非限制性定語從句。e) 在非限定性定語從句中，現行詞指人的時候，關係代詞只能是who，whom，不能用that；先行詞指物的時候，關係代詞只能用which， 不能用that