回覆列表
-
1 # 初中英語速成
-
2 # 天才英語
不要太在乎語法了
什麼是從句,無非是附屬於主句,對其進行補充說明
賓語從句的一個重要標誌就是 that ,相當於我們漢語中的"那個”
我想說 說啥呢? 我想說那個你真漂亮
i want to say( that you are very pretty )
懂了嗎? 括號後面就是賓語從句
不要太在乎語法了
什麼是從句,無非是附屬於主句,對其進行補充說明
賓語從句的一個重要標誌就是 that ,相當於我們漢語中的"那個”
我想說 說啥呢? 我想說那個你真漂亮
i want to say( that you are very pretty )
懂了嗎? 括號後面就是賓語從句
什麼是賓語從句,分哪幾種情況?
在複合句中,有一個句子充當賓語,這個句子叫做賓語從句。引導賓語從句的常見關聯詞有that, if, whether, who, what, which, when, where, why和how等。
賓語從句分三種情況:that(在口語或非正式文體中常省略)/ if, whether(在口語中常用if)/who, what, which, when, where, why和how等。
賓語從句“三個三”(三種類型、三個步驟和三點注意)
初三同學複習賓語從句,應抓住關鍵。如果掌握了以下三點,定會收到事半功倍的效果。
一、 三種類型
賓語從句一共有三種類型:
1. that引導的賓語從句(陳述句變賓從)。
如:He said (that) it was Sunday yesterday.
2. if/whether引導的賓語從句(一般疑問句、選擇疑問句和反意疑問句變賓從)。
如:Could you tell me if /whether there will be a test next week?
3. when, which等連線代詞或連線副詞( 特殊疑問詞)引導的賓語從句(特殊疑問句變賓從)。
如:I don’t know how I can get there.
二、 三個步驟
變賓語從句應遵循以下三個步驟:
1. 確定引導詞
根據從句的句子型別選擇正確的引導詞:如從句為陳述句則引導詞為that(that在口語中常省略);如從句是一般疑問句、選擇疑問句或反意疑問句,則引導詞為if或whether;如從句是特殊疑問句,則引導詞為特殊疑問詞本身。
2. 調整語序
賓語從句永遠是陳述句語序。如原句是疑問句,則應調整為陳述句語序。
如:1) Is he going to the shop? I want to know. (改為賓語從句)
I want to know if/whether he is going to the shop.
2) When does he get up? Do you know? (改為賓語從句)
Do you know when he gets up?
3. 變換時態
A. 如主句動詞是一般現在時或一般將來時,則賓語從句根據實際情況用所需要的任何時態。
如:1) He says (that) he will finish the work tomorrow.
2) I think (that) they have already gone to Beijing.
B. 如主句動詞是一般過去時,則賓語從句動詞的時態用過去時的某種形式(如,一般過去時、過去進行時、過去完成時、過去將來時等。)。
如:1) She asked if/whether he was leaving for Shanghai soon.
2) He said (that) they had a very good journey home.
另外,還需考慮標點的使用和人稱的變化。
A.帶賓語從句的主從複合句的標點由主句的句子型別決定,如主句是陳述句,則用句號;如主句是疑問句,則用問號。
如:1) When do we arrive? We don’t know. (改為賓語從句)
We don’t know when we arrive.
2) What time does the ship leave? Do you know? (改為賓語從句)
Do you know what time the ship leaves?
B.人稱變化的規則是“一主、二賓、三不變”:需變賓語從句的句子的人稱如是第一人稱,則隨主句的主語變(主句主語是第幾人稱,則賓語從句變為第幾人稱);如是第二人稱,則隨主句的賓語變(主句賓語是第幾人稱,則賓語從句變為第幾人稱);如是第三人稱,則不要變(賓語從句仍用第三人稱)。
如:1) Shall I go there? He asked me. (改為賓語從句)
He asked me if/whether he would go there.
2) Will you go there? He asked me. (改為賓語從句)
He asked me if/whether I would go there.
3) Will she go there? He asked me. (改為賓語從句)
He asked if/whether she would go there.
三、 三點注意
明白了賓語從句的三種類型和變賓語從句的三個步驟,還要注意三種特殊情況:
1. 否定的轉移
當主句的動詞為think, believe等時,則賓語從句不能用否定形式。如賓語從句中含有否定,那麼該否定要轉移到主句中去。
如:1) Chickens can’t swim, I think. (改為賓語從句)
I don’t think (that) chickens can swim.
2) It won’t rain. I think.. (改為賓語從句)
I don’t think (that) it will rain.
2. 時態不變
當主句動詞為過去時,而賓語從句講的是客觀性事實或科學真理等時,則時態不變。
如:1)The earth goes around the sun. The teacher said. (改為賓語從句)
The teacher said (that) the earth goes around the sun.
2) Light travels much faster than sound. The scientist said . (改為賓語從句)
The scientist said (that) light travels much faster than sound.
3.“兩副面孔”
if和when既能引導賓語從句,又能引導狀語從句。因此,碰到此種情況要認清其一種形式的“兩副面孔”,從而具體情況,具體對待。如:
1) I don’t know if/when he will come tomorrow.
2) If/When he comes, you’ll tell me about it.
1) 中的if或when是引導賓語從句,它的時態根據實際情況用一般將來時;2) 中的if或when是引導狀語從句,它的時態根據狀語從句的規則用一般現在時代替一般將來時。
另外,還應注意當主句中含有say to(said to)變賓從時,要把它們變為tell/ask(told/asked)(如賓從是陳述句則用tell/told,如賓從是疑問句則用ask/asked)。如:
1) The teacher said to me, “It is very cold in Moscow.” (改為賓語從句)
The teacher told me (that) it was very cold in Moscow.
2) The teacher said to me, “Does she like the book?” (改為賓語從句)
The teacher asked me if/whether she liked the book.
以上向同學們介紹了賓語從句的精髓。在初三英語總複習中只要認真總結知識規律,研究複習方法,提高複習效率,一定會收到理想的效果,創出優異的成績。