1. 表示否定,其意為“沒有”“無”“不需”。如:
He went out without his umbrella. 他外出沒有帶傘。
I was without anyone to look after my child. 沒有人替我照看孩子。
The letter had been posted without a stamp. 那封信沒貼郵票就寄出去了。
若用於否定詞no, not, never等之後,則表示肯定,其意為“沒有……不”“沒有……則不能”“每……必定”。如:
There is no smoke without fire. 無風不起浪。
Don’t go out without a coat on. 不要沒穿外衣就出去。
They never meet without quarrelling. 他們一見面就爭吵。
What he has said is not without reason. 他說的話不是沒有道理。
2. 其後除可接名詞或代詞外,也可接動名詞。如:
He walked past me without speaking. 他從我身旁走過,一句話也沒說。
He left without paying his bill. 他沒有付賬就走了。
It is strange that he should have gone away without telling us. 真奇怪,他沒有告訴我們一聲就走了。
3. 有時表示條件,意為“若無”“若非”。如:
Without water, we cannot live. 沒有水,我們就活不了。
Can you see without your glasses? 你不戴眼鏡能看得清東西嗎?
這樣用時,有時還可引出虛擬語氣,相當於 but for。如:
Without your advice I would have failed. 假若沒有你的勸告,我想必已失敗了。
I never could have done it without your help. 如果沒有你的幫助我永遠也不會完成這事。
4. 後接兩個並列成分時,既可用and也可用or,即without A and B與with
1. 表示否定,其意為“沒有”“無”“不需”。如:
He went out without his umbrella. 他外出沒有帶傘。
I was without anyone to look after my child. 沒有人替我照看孩子。
The letter had been posted without a stamp. 那封信沒貼郵票就寄出去了。
若用於否定詞no, not, never等之後,則表示肯定,其意為“沒有……不”“沒有……則不能”“每……必定”。如:
There is no smoke without fire. 無風不起浪。
Don’t go out without a coat on. 不要沒穿外衣就出去。
They never meet without quarrelling. 他們一見面就爭吵。
What he has said is not without reason. 他說的話不是沒有道理。
2. 其後除可接名詞或代詞外,也可接動名詞。如:
He walked past me without speaking. 他從我身旁走過,一句話也沒說。
He left without paying his bill. 他沒有付賬就走了。
It is strange that he should have gone away without telling us. 真奇怪,他沒有告訴我們一聲就走了。
3. 有時表示條件,意為“若無”“若非”。如:
Without water, we cannot live. 沒有水,我們就活不了。
Can you see without your glasses? 你不戴眼鏡能看得清東西嗎?
這樣用時,有時還可引出虛擬語氣,相當於 but for。如:
Without your advice I would have failed. 假若沒有你的勸告,我想必已失敗了。
I never could have done it without your help. 如果沒有你的幫助我永遠也不會完成這事。
4. 後接兩個並列成分時,既可用and也可用or,即without A and B與with