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  • 1 # 使用者2458114238191884

    1.by

    (1)表示方法,手段。即“用。。。, 透過。。。。”相當於by means of 如:

    All work had to be done by hand 所有的工作都是手工進行的。

    He makes a living by teaching 他以教書為生。

    (2)表示傳達、傳遞的方式或煤介。如:

    How did you send the letter, by airmail or by ordinary mail?

    你是怎麼傳送的這信,是透過航天郵件還是普通郵件?

    (3)表示用交通工具、通訊工具後接名詞單數,不加冠詞。如:

    He came by train, but his wife came by bus. 他是乘火車來的,可是他老婆是坐公共汽車來的。

    注意下面兩句的區別:

    Did you come by train? =Did you come in his car / on my bike?

    “by +抽象名詞”構成的片語有:by accident / by chance / by diligence / by effort / by force / by heart / by luck / by mistake / by hard work.

    (4)指數量增加或減少到的程度,相差。

    We lost the match by one goal 我們僅以一球之差輸了比賽。

    (5)根據,按照

    pay sb by the hour /day/week

    Sell sth by the pound /meter/ dozen

    sell sth by weight/length

    As a rule,domestic servants doing odd jobs are paid by the hour 通常,家政服務是按照小時計酬的。

    2. through

    (1) 表示“以;透過;經由”。如:

    He succeeded through hard work.

    (2) 空間上透過,透過,經過

    Light comes in through the window。光線從窗戶進來。

    (3) 時間上透過, 自始至終,從頭到尾經過

    He often works through the night 他常常通宵工作。

    注意:在表示手段時,by, through有時也可換用。如:

    Through / By his efforts he succeeded in making so many useful inventions.

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