metaphor uses words to indicate something different from their literal meaning—— one thing is described in terms of another so as to suggest a likeness or analogy between them. 隱喻有幾個要點:1. 最新的 2. 相似性(similarity),這點很重要,本體和喻體要有相似性 3. 一致性
two things in comparison, and this comparison is implied rather than stated.
eg: the theory needs more support.這個support就是一個隱喻,相當於把theory比喻成房子,需要地基支撐、支援,引申到支援觀點、理論。
eg: he is the apple of her eye.這個就表示很重要的人,掌上明珠之類的。
借喻、換喻、借代:metonymy is a figure of speech in which the name of one thing is used in place of another that is associated with or suggested by it. 它和暗喻的區別在於,借喻中兩者要求不是相似,而是有聯絡,同一類事物。
eg: will you play me some Chopin? 這個地方,chopin是人名,用其來指代他的作品、音樂。
eg: the kettle is boiling. (kettle 指代water in it.)
eg:tongue——eloquence; brain——knowledge,wisdom or reason; Fleet Street—— the British press
提喻synecdoche is a figure by which a more comprehensive term is used for a less comprehensive or vice versa; as whole for part or part for whole; genus for species or species for genus etc. 最主要的區別方法就是一般提喻和整體、區域性或是和種類、特殊,還有抽象、具體有關。
eg:Italy beat Spain in the football match. 這裡,義大利和西班牙其實就是用整體來代替部分,即“義大利的球隊”和“西班牙的球隊”。
eg: he paid the workers $5 per head. 這裡,head是指“人頭”,部分(頭)代替整體(每個人)
eg: i had the muscle and they made money out of it. 這裡,muscle是個具體的名詞,代替一個抽象名詞:strength.
隱喻:metaphor
借喻:metonymy
提喻:synecdoche
metaphor uses words to indicate something different from their literal meaning—— one thing is described in terms of another so as to suggest a likeness or analogy between them. 隱喻有幾個要點:1. 最新的 2. 相似性(similarity),這點很重要,本體和喻體要有相似性 3. 一致性
two things in comparison, and this comparison is implied rather than stated.
eg: the theory needs more support.這個support就是一個隱喻,相當於把theory比喻成房子,需要地基支撐、支援,引申到支援觀點、理論。
eg: he is the apple of her eye.這個就表示很重要的人,掌上明珠之類的。
借喻、換喻、借代:metonymy is a figure of speech in which the name of one thing is used in place of another that is associated with or suggested by it. 它和暗喻的區別在於,借喻中兩者要求不是相似,而是有聯絡,同一類事物。
eg: will you play me some Chopin? 這個地方,chopin是人名,用其來指代他的作品、音樂。
eg: the kettle is boiling. (kettle 指代water in it.)
eg:tongue——eloquence; brain——knowledge,wisdom or reason; Fleet Street—— the British press
通常說來,借代可以由地點代某個特定的東西、人名代他的作品或與之相關的理論、器具或容器代裡面所盛放的物品、人的某些特定器官代它所賦予的意義和作用。
提喻synecdoche is a figure by which a more comprehensive term is used for a less comprehensive or vice versa; as whole for part or part for whole; genus for species or species for genus etc. 最主要的區別方法就是一般提喻和整體、區域性或是和種類、特殊,還有抽象、具體有關。
eg:Italy beat Spain in the football match. 這裡,義大利和西班牙其實就是用整體來代替部分,即“義大利的球隊”和“西班牙的球隊”。
eg: he paid the workers $5 per head. 這裡,head是指“人頭”,部分(頭)代替整體(每個人)
eg: i had the muscle and they made money out of it. 這裡,muscle是個具體的名詞,代替一個抽象名詞:strength.