mouths II.名詞的數:1.規則名詞的複數形式:名詞的複數形式,一般在單數形式後面加-s或-es.現將構成方法與讀音規則列表如下:規則 例詞 1一般情況在詞尾加-s map-maps,sea-seas,girl-girls,day-days 2以s,x,ch,sh結尾的名詞後加-es class-classes,box-boxes,watch-watches,dish-dishes 3以-f或-fe結尾的詞 變-f和-fe為v再加-es leaf-leaves,thief-thieves,knife-knives,loaf-loaves,wife-wives 加-s belief-beliefs,chief-chiefs,proof-proofs,roof-roofs,gulf-gulfs 4以子音字母加y結尾的名詞,變y為i加-es party-parties,family-families,story-stories,city-cities 5以母音字母加y結尾的名詞,或專有名詞以y結尾的,加-s toy-toys,boy-boys,day-days,ray-rays,Henry-Henrys 6以子音字母加-o結尾的名詞 一般加-es hero-heroes,Negro-Negroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes 不少外來詞加-s piano-pianos,photo-photos,auto-autos,kilo-kilos,solo-solos 兩者皆可 zero-zeros/zeroes,volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos 7以母音字母加-o結尾的名詞加-s radio-radios,bamboo-bamboos,zoo-zoos 8以-th結尾的名詞加-s truth-truths,mouth-mouths,month-months,path-paths,2.不規則名詞複數:英語裡有些名詞的複數形式是不規則的,現歸納如下:規則 例詞 1改變名詞中的母音字母或其他形式 man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,goose-geese,mouse-mice 2單複數相同 sheep,deer,series,means,works,fish,species li,yuan,jin,3只有複數形式 ashes,trousers,clothes,thanks,goods,glasses,compasses,contents 4一些集體名詞總是用作複數 people,police,cattle,staff 5部分集體名詞既可以作單數(整體)也可以作複數(成員) audience,class,family,crowd,couple,group,committee,government,population,crew,team,public,enemy,party 6複數形式表示特別含義 customs(海關),forces(軍隊),times(時代),spirits(情緒),drinks(飲料),sands(沙灘),papers(檔案報紙),manners(禮貌),looks(外表),brains(頭腦智力),greens(青菜),ruins(廢墟) 7表示“某華人”加-s Americans,Australians,Germans,Greeks,Swedes,Europeans 單複數同形 Swiss,Portuguese,Chinese,Japanese 以-man或-woman結尾的改為-men,-women Englishmen,Frenchwomen 8 合成名詞將主體名詞變為複數 sons-in-law,lookers-on,passers-by,story-tellers,boy friends 無主體名詞時將最後一部分變為複數 grown-ups,housewives,stopwatches 將兩部分變為複數 women singers,men servants
mouths II.名詞的數:1.規則名詞的複數形式:名詞的複數形式,一般在單數形式後面加-s或-es.現將構成方法與讀音規則列表如下:規則 例詞 1一般情況在詞尾加-s map-maps,sea-seas,girl-girls,day-days 2以s,x,ch,sh結尾的名詞後加-es class-classes,box-boxes,watch-watches,dish-dishes 3以-f或-fe結尾的詞 變-f和-fe為v再加-es leaf-leaves,thief-thieves,knife-knives,loaf-loaves,wife-wives 加-s belief-beliefs,chief-chiefs,proof-proofs,roof-roofs,gulf-gulfs 4以子音字母加y結尾的名詞,變y為i加-es party-parties,family-families,story-stories,city-cities 5以母音字母加y結尾的名詞,或專有名詞以y結尾的,加-s toy-toys,boy-boys,day-days,ray-rays,Henry-Henrys 6以子音字母加-o結尾的名詞 一般加-es hero-heroes,Negro-Negroes,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes 不少外來詞加-s piano-pianos,photo-photos,auto-autos,kilo-kilos,solo-solos 兩者皆可 zero-zeros/zeroes,volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos 7以母音字母加-o結尾的名詞加-s radio-radios,bamboo-bamboos,zoo-zoos 8以-th結尾的名詞加-s truth-truths,mouth-mouths,month-months,path-paths,2.不規則名詞複數:英語裡有些名詞的複數形式是不規則的,現歸納如下:規則 例詞 1改變名詞中的母音字母或其他形式 man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,goose-geese,mouse-mice 2單複數相同 sheep,deer,series,means,works,fish,species li,yuan,jin,3只有複數形式 ashes,trousers,clothes,thanks,goods,glasses,compasses,contents 4一些集體名詞總是用作複數 people,police,cattle,staff 5部分集體名詞既可以作單數(整體)也可以作複數(成員) audience,class,family,crowd,couple,group,committee,government,population,crew,team,public,enemy,party 6複數形式表示特別含義 customs(海關),forces(軍隊),times(時代),spirits(情緒),drinks(飲料),sands(沙灘),papers(檔案報紙),manners(禮貌),looks(外表),brains(頭腦智力),greens(青菜),ruins(廢墟) 7表示“某華人”加-s Americans,Australians,Germans,Greeks,Swedes,Europeans 單複數同形 Swiss,Portuguese,Chinese,Japanese 以-man或-woman結尾的改為-men,-women Englishmen,Frenchwomen 8 合成名詞將主體名詞變為複數 sons-in-law,lookers-on,passers-by,story-tellers,boy friends 無主體名詞時將最後一部分變為複數 grown-ups,housewives,stopwatches 將兩部分變為複數 women singers,men servants