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  • 1 # 雪域匆匆客

    prefer的用法與語法

    1.用作動詞,表示“更喜歡”“寧願”等,後接動詞時,可用不定式或動名詞,其區別大致為:表示一般情況用動名詞,表示特定動作用不定式.比較:

    I prefer walking alone.我喜歡一個人溜達.

    A:Can I give you a lift?你順便坐我的車走嗎?

    B:No,thanks.I prefer to walk.不用了,我喜歡步行.

    但是,與would或should連用時,總是表示特定的想法,所以其後總是接不定式.如:

    正:We would prefer to do it later.我們寧願以後做它.

    誤:We would prefer doing it later.

    另外注意,當would prefer後接不定式被省略時,要注意保留其中的to,如:

    A:Would you prefer to wait?你願意等嗎?

    B:Yes,I’d prefer to.是的,願意等.

    2.可用於多種形式的複合結構(賓語補足語可以是形容詞、介詞短語、過去分詞、不定式等).如:

    I prefer my coffee black.我喜歡喝不加奶的咖啡.

    I prefer the chair in its old place.我覺得這把椅子還是放在老地方好.

    We preferred the house painted white 我們倒喜歡那座漆成白色的房子.

    Their father prefers them to be home early.他們的父親希望他們早點兒回家.

    3.表示“寧願……而不願……”“喜歡……而不喜歡……”“與……相比,更喜歡……”等,其基本句型是prefer…to…和prefer…rather than…,其搭配習慣如下:

    (1) 用於prefer…to…時,主要用於比較兩個名詞或動名詞.如:

    I prefer the seaside to the mountains.我喜歡海邊,不喜歡山區.

    Tom prefers reading to talking.湯姆喜歡讀書而不喜歡談天.

    這類結構的prefer前有時也可用would,should等.如:

    We’d prefer playing outdoors to watching television.我們寧願在外面玩而不願看電視.

    (2) 用於prefer…rather than…時,主要用於比較兩個不定式(後面的不定式通常省略to,但前面的不定式必須帶to).如:

    He prefers to read rather than watch television.他喜歡讀書而不喜歡看電視.

    She preferred to stay at home rather than (to) go out.和出門比起來,她比較喜歡待在家裡.

    後面的不定式有時也可用動名詞(雖然不如用省略to的不定式普通).如:

    I would prefer to spend the weekend at home rather than driving all the way to your mother’s.我覺得與其開車跑那麼遠到你母親那裡去度週末,倒不如在家過更好些.

    在現代英語中,prefer…rather than…也可用於連線兩個名詞或動名詞,此時的rather than也可換成介詞to.如:

    I should prefer beef rather than mutton.我寧願吃牛肉而不願吃羊肉.

    I prefer swimming rather than cycling.比起騎腳踏車來我還是喜歡游泳.

    4.其後有時接that從句作賓語,從句謂語動詞通常用虛擬語氣(用過去式或用should+v).如:

    He preferred that such comments should cease.他希望停止這種議論.

    I would prefer it if you didn’t smoke in here.我希望你不要在這裡面吸菸.

    5.其後不能直接跟if引導的從句,遇此情況需藉助it,即說成I’d prefer it if…(我希望……).如:

    I would prefer it if you didn’t tell anyone.我希望你別告訴任何人.

    I would prefer that you did not mention my name.我倒希望你不要提及我的名字.

    比較以下同義表達:

    我倒希望你不要一個人去那裡.

    正:I should prefer that you did not go there alone.

    正:I should prefer it if you did not go there alone.

    正:I should prefer you not to go there alone.

    6.若加強語氣,可在其前使用much,very much,far等修飾語.如:

    I far prefer swimming to cycling.我喜歡游泳遠勝於騎腳踏車.

    We much prefer the country to the town.我們喜歡鄉下,不怎麼喜歡城裡.

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