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1 # 青靈落
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2 # 子維說
1、vi是不及物動詞,後不跟賓語。
2、vt是及物動詞,後加賓語。
3、還有vi只能作瞬間動詞,不能作延續性動詞。
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3 # 今天晚上ama
如果出現在字典裡頭的話:
vi不及物動詞;vt及物動詞
v 僅僅表示,當這個動詞使用在及物和不及物的情況下,意思一樣。
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4 # 使用者3479751449059
vi 是不及物動詞, vt 是及物動詞
英語中按動詞後可否直接跟賓語,可把動詞分成及物動詞與不及物動詞。
及物動詞: 字典裡詞後標有vt. 的就是及物動詞。及物動詞後必須跟有動作的物件(即賓語),並且可直接跟賓語。
如see 看見 (vt.) +賓語 I can see a boy.
其實所謂“及物”,就是後面可直接加賓語的動詞,有被動形式,而不及物動詞是沒有被動式的,也不可直接加賓語,需加上介詞。
及物動詞後面可直接接賓語,不及物動詞後面不可直接接賓語,一般要加介詞後再接賓語。實際上很多動詞既是及物動詞,又是不及物動詞。我舉一個例子,就說write。如I am writing.和I am writing a letter.在前一個句子write是不及物動詞,在後一個句子write是及物動詞。又如,see是及物動詞,但在特殊情況下如seeing is believing。
不及物動詞就是一個動作不能施加到另一個物體上,也就是後面不能加賓語。
例如:He is running. run這個動詞就是不及物動詞,後面不能加sth。(不能說跑什麼東西)
分清及物不及物動詞:
分清動詞的及物不及物是在英語學習中必須解決的首要問題。動詞及物與不及物通常有以下幾種情況:
a.主要用作及物動詞。及物動詞後面必須跟賓語。可以用於:"主+謂+賓";"主+謂+雙賓";"主+謂+賓+賓補"結構。如:
He reached Paris the day before yesterday.
Please hand me the book over there.
They asked me to go fishing with them.
類似的還有:buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell....
b.主要用作不及物的動詞。不及物動詞後面不跟賓語。只能用與:"主+謂"結構。
This is the room where I once lived.
類似的還有:agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed....
c.既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的動詞,其意義不變。如begin 都是作"開始"講。everybody , our game begins. let us begin our game. 類似的還有:start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve....
d.既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的動詞,其意義完全不同。
這類動詞作不及物動詞是一個意義;而作及物動詞時卻是另一個意義。如lift作不及物動詞時是指煙霧的"消散"。we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted. 作及物動詞時是"升高;舉起"。
He lifted his glass and drank.
類似的還有:beat vi.跳動 vt. 敲、打; grow vi.生長 vt. 種植
play vi.玩耍 vt. 打(牌、球),演奏 smell vi.發出(氣味) vt. 嗅
ring vi.(電話、鈴)響vt.打電話 speak vi.講話 vt. 說(語言)
hang vi. 懸掛 vt. 絞死 operate vi.動手術 vt. 操作
在英語錯誤中,“及物動詞+介詞+賓語”(transitive verb+preposition+object),是常見的一種。所謂及物動詞,就是謂語動詞(predicative verb),不必透過介詞引薦賓語。相反的,不及物動詞(intransitive verb)是不帶賓語的。有許多動詞,雖然性質是及物的,但不一定要有賓語,如下列的①a和②a便是這種情形:
①a. We study every day.
b. Do you study English every day.
②a. Please write clearly next time.
b. Can you write your composition now?
b. The children are listening to the music.
*④a. She is laughing the crippled man.
b. She is laughing at the crippled man.
反之,及物動詞不必靠介詞,就可以帶賓語,如上述的①b和②b ,又如⑤和 ⑥:
⑤ John is giving a book to me.
⑥ Who will answer this question?
如果無意中把介詞加上,就錯了,如:
*⑦ Who will answer to this question?
下列這句從房地產廣告中看到的句子,也犯了同樣的錯:
“We have many buyers awaiting for available units here.”
“Awaiting”是個及物動詞,後面的介詞“for”是多餘的,要去掉;不然把“awaiting”改為“waiting for”也行。
許多人習慣上喜歡把介詞加到及物動詞後面,然後才帶出賓語。最常見的是“emphasize/stress on/upon”和“discuss about”,如:
⑨ In our education system, we stress upon examination results.
⑩ World leaders spent a lot of time discussing about worsening economic problems.
顯然的,這三句裡的介詞“on/upon”和“about”是多餘的,不必要的。
下面是些類似的錯誤:
● The young must obey to their elders.
● Do not approach to that odd-looking man.
● The audience attacked on the rude speaker.
● Nothing can escape from his parents" eyes.
● Do you hope to serve for your nation?
● When did Susan marry with Paul?
介詞“to, on, from, for, with”都要去掉才對。
為什麼會有這些錯誤呢?主因是分不清楚及物動詞和不及物動詞的性質。其次,就是對同一個動詞及其名詞的句型有些混淆。解決之道有二。第一,要把“及物動詞+賓語”和“不及物動詞+介詞+賓語”劃分清楚,如:
? I did not answer him./ I did not reply to him.
? He reached Londan yesterday./ He arrived in London yesterday.
第二,把及物動詞轉化為名詞,然後加上適當的介詞和賓語,如:
? Don"t approach such a person.
? Is oral practice a good approach to language teaching?
回覆列表
v。動詞。可以是及物也可以是不及物動詞
vt。及物動詞,必須帶賓語。否則句子意思不完整,是錯誤的。如:He said nothing(他沒說什麼).如果沒有nothing的話,句子意思不完整。
vi。不及物動詞,意思完整,不須帶賓語。如:He came.(他來了)