一、古鳥亞綱(Archaeornithes) 或蜥尾亞綱(Saururae)始祖鳥目(Archaeopterygiformes)二、新鳥亞綱(Neornithes)或扇尾亞綱(Ornithurae)1、齒頜超目(Odontognathae)2、平胸超目(Ratitae)或古頜超目(Palaeognathae)3、楔翼超目(Impennes)4、突胸超目(Carinatage)或新頜超目(Neognathae)[家族樹]鳥綱Aves | |一、古鳥亞綱 Archaeornithes(晰尾亞綱Saururae) |1、始祖鳥 Archaeopteryx | | |----亞綱目科未定 Incertae sedis |2、原始熱河鳥Jeholornis prima | |3、朝陽會鳥Sapeornis chaoyangensis | |4、長尾雁蕩鳥Yandangornis longicaudus || `--張吉營錦州鳥Jinzhouornis zhangjiyingia | || `--孔子鳥目Confuciusornithiformes |`--孔子鳥科Confuciusornithidae ||--川州孔子鳥Confuciusornis chuonzhous ||--杜氏孔子鳥Confuciusornis dui ||--聖賢孔子鳥Confuciusornis sanctus ||--孫氏孔子鳥Confuciusornis suniae |`--橫道長城鳥Changchengornishengdaoziensis | | |----反鳥亞綱Enantiornithes ||--始反鳥目Eoenantiornithiformes || `--始反鳥科Eoenantiornithidae || `--步氏始反鳥Eoenantiornis buhleri ||--華夏鳥目Cathayornithiformes || |--中國鳥科Sinornithidae || | `--三塔中國鳥Sinornis santensis | | |--華夏鳥科Cathayornithidae | | | |--有尾華夏鳥Cathayornis caudatus | | | |--燕都華夏鳥Cathayornis yandica | | | `--三燕龍城鳥Longchengornis sanyanensis | | `--尖嘴鳥科Cuspirostrisornithidae | | |--侯氏尖嘴鳥Cuspirostrisornis houi | | `--六齒大嘴鳥Largirostrornis sexdentoinis | |--長翼鳥目Longipterygiformes | | `--長翼鳥科Longipterygidae | | `--朝陽長翼鳥Longipteryx chaoyangensis | `--目科未定 Incertae sedis | |--鄭氏波羅赤鳥Boluochia zhengi | |--灤河冀北鳥Jibeinia luanhera | |--嬌小遼西鳥Liaoxiornis delicatus | |--成吉思汗鄂托克鳥Otogornis genghisi | `--豐寧原羽鳥Protopteryx fengningensis | `----今鳥亞綱(扇尾亞綱)Ornithurae |--突胸總目Carinatae | `--魚鳥目Ichthyornithiformes | |--魚鳥Ichthyornis | `--虛椎鳥Apatornis |--黃昏鳥目Hesperornithiformes | `--黃昏鳥科Hesperornithidae | `--黃昏鳥亞科Hesperornithinae | `--黃昏鳥Hesperornis |--遼寧鳥目Liaoningornithiformes | `--遼寧鳥科Liaoningornithidae | `--長趾遼寧鳥Liaoningornis langiditris |--朝陽鳥目Chaoyangiformes | |--朝陽鳥科Chaoyangidae | | `--北山朝陽鳥Chaoyangia beishanensis | `--松嶺鳥科 Songlingornithidae | `--淩河松嶺鳥Songlingornis linghensis |--燕鳥目Yanornithiformes | `--燕鳥科Yanornithidae | `--馬氏燕鳥Yanornis martini `--目科未定 Incertae sedis `--葛氏義縣鳥Yixianornis grabaui -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 今鳥亞綱 分類表II --今鳥亞綱(扇尾亞綱)Ornithurae == {今鳥亞綱+ 黃昏鳥} |--+--神翼鳥Apsaravis | `--突胸總目Carinatae == {今鳥亞綱 + 魚鳥} | | 未定: | | 未命名(接近完整的骨骼)- Campanian to Maastrichtian -- 蒙古 | |--魚鳥目Ichthyornithiformes =Apatornithiformes | | | 未定: | | | 未命名-- 北美洲 | | |?-虛椎鳥Apatornis | | `--魚鳥Ichthyornis | `--+--閾鳥Limenavis | `--+?-石板鳥類Lithornithiformes | `---->今鳥亞綱Neornithes `---->黃昏鳥目Hesperornithiformes --黃昏鳥目Hesperornithiformes "Hesperornis forms" |--大洋鳥Enaliornis `--+--帕斯基亞鳥Pasquiaornis `--+--潛水鳥Baptornis |--尤氏鳥Judinornis `--黃昏鳥科Hesperornithidae | 未定: | 白堊鳥Coniornis |--亞洲黃昏鳥Asiahesperornis |--似斯堪鳥Parascaniornis `--黃昏鳥亞科Hesperornithinae |--黃昏鳥Hesperornis `--似黃昏鳥Parahesperornis --今鳥亞綱Neornithes "new birds" =Aves sensu Gauthier, 1986 |--古顎超目Palaeognathae "old jaws" =Palaeognathia =Eoaves | | 未定: | | Eremopezus | | Remiornis | | Stromeria | |?-Eleutherornithidae * | |--鷸鴕目Tinamiformes "Tinamus (tinamou) forms" (tinamous) | `--平胸總目Ratitae =Ratiti | |--Apteryges | | |--無翼鳥目Apterygiformes (kiwis) | | |?-恐鳥目Dinornithiformes (moa) * | | `?-Dromornithiformes (mihirung) * | `--Struthiones | |--隆鳥目Aepyornithiformes (elephant birds) * | `--+--鶴鴕目Casuariiformes (cassowaries, emus) | `--+--美洲鴕目Rheiformes (rheas) | `--鴕形目Struthioniformes (ostriches) `--新顎超目Neognathae "new jaws" =Neognathia =Neoaves |--雞形小綱Galloanserae | |?-雁形目Anseriformes (ducks, geese, swans, screamers, Presbyornis, Gastornis?) | `?-雞形目Galliformes (turkeys, grouse, quails, pheasants, peafowl, etc.) `--+--擬鶉科Mesitornithidae `--+?-鷺科Ardeidae (herons) |--Eurypygoidea |--Otides |?-Rhynchoceti |--Gruimorphae | |--鶴形目Gruiformes (cranes, rails, etc.) | `?-Podicepiformes (grebes) |--Charadriomorphae | |--Graculavidae * | |--Ciconiimorphae | | |--紅鸛科Phoenicopteriformes (flamingos) | | `--+--鸛形目Ciconiiformes (storks, spoonbills?, New World vultures?, etc.) | | `--+--鵜形目Pelecaniformes (pelicans, frigate birds, gannets, boobies, cormorants, anhingas, etc.) | | `--+--嚄形目Procellariformes (albatrosses, petrels, shearwaters, etc.) | | `--+--潛鳥目Gaviiformes (loons) | | `--企鵝目Sphenisciformes (penguins) | `--+--Burnithidae | `--鴴形目Charadriiformes | |--"Charadriida" (avocets, etc.) | |?-瓣蹼鷸科Phalaropodidae (phalaropes) | |--"鷸小目Scolopacida" (jacanas, etc.) | |--+--鷗科Laridae | | `?-Sternidae | |--+--賊鷗科Stercorariidae | | `--蟹鴴科Dromadidae | `--+--三趾鶉科Turnicidae (button quails) | `?-+--Pteroclidiformes | `--+--鴿形目Columbiformes (pigeons, doves, sandgrouse, dodo) | `--鸚形目Psittaciformes (cockatoos, parrots) `--+--Cariamae (phorusrhacids, etc.) `--+--+?-隼形目Falconiformes (falcons, caracaras) | `?-Opisthocomiformes (hoatzins, Foro?) `--+?-鵑形目Cuculiformes (cuckoos, etc.) `--+?-鶚科Pandionidae (ospreys) |?-蛇鷲科Sagittariidae (secretary birds) |--+?-蕉鵑目Musophagiformes (turacos, etc.) | `?-Accipitriformes (hawks, eagles, Old World vultures, Horusornis?) `--Anomalogonatae | 未定: | Zygodactylus |--鼠鳥目Coliiformes (mousebirds) |--Sandcoleiformes * |--+--鴞形目Strigiformes (owls) | `--+--Swift目Apodiformes (swifts, hummingbirds) | `--夜鷹目Caprimulgiformes (goatsuckers) `--+--佛法僧目Coraciiformes (rollers, courols, etc.) `--+--咬鵑目Trogoniformes (trogons, todies, motmots, bee eaters, kingfishers, etc.) `--犀鳥形總目Bucerotimorphae |--犀鳥目Bucerotiformes (hornbills, hoopoes, etc.) `--+--啄木鳥目(鴷形目)Piciformes (barbets, toucans, woodpeckers, etc.) `--雀形目Passeriformes (songbirds, etc.) 備註： 蜥鳥亞綱(Sauriurae)這個分類建議不用目前它不是一個自然類群，多數學者不承認。 很多讀者質疑川州孔子鳥是不是(C. chuonzhous[按照拼音應該是C. chuanzhous]) 答案是肯定的。然而這個種是不是真的成立，還有很大疑問。 Jibeinia為 冀北鳥 沒有河北鳥該屬名石板鳥類(Lithornithiformes)之石板鳥(Lithornis)乃早期的最古老的日行性猛禽，始新世，英國。
一、古鳥亞綱(Archaeornithes) 或蜥尾亞綱(Saururae)始祖鳥目(Archaeopterygiformes)二、新鳥亞綱(Neornithes)或扇尾亞綱(Ornithurae)1、齒頜超目(Odontognathae)2、平胸超目(Ratitae)或古頜超目(Palaeognathae)3、楔翼超目(Impennes)4、突胸超目(Carinatage)或新頜超目(Neognathae)[家族樹]鳥綱Aves | |一、古鳥亞綱 Archaeornithes(晰尾亞綱Saururae) |1、始祖鳥 Archaeopteryx | | |----亞綱目科未定 Incertae sedis |2、原始熱河鳥Jeholornis prima | |3、朝陽會鳥Sapeornis chaoyangensis | |4、長尾雁蕩鳥Yandangornis longicaudus || `--張吉營錦州鳥Jinzhouornis zhangjiyingia | || `--孔子鳥目Confuciusornithiformes |`--孔子鳥科Confuciusornithidae ||--川州孔子鳥Confuciusornis chuonzhous ||--杜氏孔子鳥Confuciusornis dui ||--聖賢孔子鳥Confuciusornis sanctus ||--孫氏孔子鳥Confuciusornis suniae |`--橫道長城鳥Changchengornishengdaoziensis | | |----反鳥亞綱Enantiornithes ||--始反鳥目Eoenantiornithiformes || `--始反鳥科Eoenantiornithidae || `--步氏始反鳥Eoenantiornis buhleri ||--華夏鳥目Cathayornithiformes || |--中國鳥科Sinornithidae || | `--三塔中國鳥Sinornis santensis | | |--華夏鳥科Cathayornithidae | | | |--有尾華夏鳥Cathayornis caudatus | | | |--燕都華夏鳥Cathayornis yandica | | | `--三燕龍城鳥Longchengornis sanyanensis | | `--尖嘴鳥科Cuspirostrisornithidae | | |--侯氏尖嘴鳥Cuspirostrisornis houi | | `--六齒大嘴鳥Largirostrornis sexdentoinis | |--長翼鳥目Longipterygiformes | | `--長翼鳥科Longipterygidae | | `--朝陽長翼鳥Longipteryx chaoyangensis | `--目科未定 Incertae sedis | |--鄭氏波羅赤鳥Boluochia zhengi | |--灤河冀北鳥Jibeinia luanhera | |--嬌小遼西鳥Liaoxiornis delicatus | |--成吉思汗鄂托克鳥Otogornis genghisi | `--豐寧原羽鳥Protopteryx fengningensis | `----今鳥亞綱(扇尾亞綱)Ornithurae |--突胸總目Carinatae | `--魚鳥目Ichthyornithiformes | |--魚鳥Ichthyornis | `--虛椎鳥Apatornis |--黃昏鳥目Hesperornithiformes | `--黃昏鳥科Hesperornithidae | `--黃昏鳥亞科Hesperornithinae | `--黃昏鳥Hesperornis |--遼寧鳥目Liaoningornithiformes | `--遼寧鳥科Liaoningornithidae | `--長趾遼寧鳥Liaoningornis langiditris |--朝陽鳥目Chaoyangiformes | |--朝陽鳥科Chaoyangidae | | `--北山朝陽鳥Chaoyangia beishanensis | `--松嶺鳥科 Songlingornithidae | `--淩河松嶺鳥Songlingornis linghensis |--燕鳥目Yanornithiformes | `--燕鳥科Yanornithidae | `--馬氏燕鳥Yanornis martini `--目科未定 Incertae sedis `--葛氏義縣鳥Yixianornis grabaui -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 今鳥亞綱 分類表II --今鳥亞綱(扇尾亞綱)Ornithurae == {今鳥亞綱+ 黃昏鳥} |--+--神翼鳥Apsaravis | `--突胸總目Carinatae == {今鳥亞綱 + 魚鳥} | | 未定: | | 未命名(接近完整的骨骼)- Campanian to Maastrichtian -- 蒙古 | |--魚鳥目Ichthyornithiformes =Apatornithiformes | | | 未定: | | | 未命名-- 北美洲 | | |?-虛椎鳥Apatornis | | `--魚鳥Ichthyornis | `--+--閾鳥Limenavis | `--+?-石板鳥類Lithornithiformes | `---->今鳥亞綱Neornithes `---->黃昏鳥目Hesperornithiformes --黃昏鳥目Hesperornithiformes "Hesperornis forms" |--大洋鳥Enaliornis `--+--帕斯基亞鳥Pasquiaornis `--+--潛水鳥Baptornis |--尤氏鳥Judinornis `--黃昏鳥科Hesperornithidae | 未定: | 白堊鳥Coniornis |--亞洲黃昏鳥Asiahesperornis |--似斯堪鳥Parascaniornis `--黃昏鳥亞科Hesperornithinae |--黃昏鳥Hesperornis `--似黃昏鳥Parahesperornis --今鳥亞綱Neornithes "new birds" =Aves sensu Gauthier, 1986 |--古顎超目Palaeognathae "old jaws" =Palaeognathia =Eoaves | | 未定: | | Eremopezus | | Remiornis | | Stromeria | |?-Eleutherornithidae * | |--鷸鴕目Tinamiformes "Tinamus (tinamou) forms" (tinamous) | `--平胸總目Ratitae =Ratiti | |--Apteryges | | |--無翼鳥目Apterygiformes (kiwis) | | |?-恐鳥目Dinornithiformes (moa) * | | `?-Dromornithiformes (mihirung) * | `--Struthiones | |--隆鳥目Aepyornithiformes (elephant birds) * | `--+--鶴鴕目Casuariiformes (cassowaries, emus) | `--+--美洲鴕目Rheiformes (rheas) | `--鴕形目Struthioniformes (ostriches) `--新顎超目Neognathae "new jaws" =Neognathia =Neoaves |--雞形小綱Galloanserae | |?-雁形目Anseriformes (ducks, geese, swans, screamers, Presbyornis, Gastornis?) | `?-雞形目Galliformes (turkeys, grouse, quails, pheasants, peafowl, etc.) `--+--擬鶉科Mesitornithidae `--+?-鷺科Ardeidae (herons) |--Eurypygoidea |--Otides |?-Rhynchoceti |--Gruimorphae | |--鶴形目Gruiformes (cranes, rails, etc.) | `?-Podicepiformes (grebes) |--Charadriomorphae | |--Graculavidae * | |--Ciconiimorphae | | |--紅鸛科Phoenicopteriformes (flamingos) | | `--+--鸛形目Ciconiiformes (storks, spoonbills?, New World vultures?, etc.) | | `--+--鵜形目Pelecaniformes (pelicans, frigate birds, gannets, boobies, cormorants, anhingas, etc.) | | `--+--嚄形目Procellariformes (albatrosses, petrels, shearwaters, etc.) | | `--+--潛鳥目Gaviiformes (loons) | | `--企鵝目Sphenisciformes (penguins) | `--+--Burnithidae | `--鴴形目Charadriiformes | |--"Charadriida" (avocets, etc.) | |?-瓣蹼鷸科Phalaropodidae (phalaropes) | |--"鷸小目Scolopacida" (jacanas, etc.) | |--+--鷗科Laridae | | `?-Sternidae | |--+--賊鷗科Stercorariidae | | `--蟹鴴科Dromadidae | `--+--三趾鶉科Turnicidae (button quails) | `?-+--Pteroclidiformes | `--+--鴿形目Columbiformes (pigeons, doves, sandgrouse, dodo) | `--鸚形目Psittaciformes (cockatoos, parrots) `--+--Cariamae (phorusrhacids, etc.) `--+--+?-隼形目Falconiformes (falcons, caracaras) | `?-Opisthocomiformes (hoatzins, Foro?) `--+?-鵑形目Cuculiformes (cuckoos, etc.) `--+?-鶚科Pandionidae (ospreys) |?-蛇鷲科Sagittariidae (secretary birds) |--+?-蕉鵑目Musophagiformes (turacos, etc.) | `?-Accipitriformes (hawks, eagles, Old World vultures, Horusornis?) `--Anomalogonatae | 未定: | Zygodactylus |--鼠鳥目Coliiformes (mousebirds) |--Sandcoleiformes * |--+--鴞形目Strigiformes (owls) | `--+--Swift目Apodiformes (swifts, hummingbirds) | `--夜鷹目Caprimulgiformes (goatsuckers) `--+--佛法僧目Coraciiformes (rollers, courols, etc.) `--+--咬鵑目Trogoniformes (trogons, todies, motmots, bee eaters, kingfishers, etc.) `--犀鳥形總目Bucerotimorphae |--犀鳥目Bucerotiformes (hornbills, hoopoes, etc.) `--+--啄木鳥目(鴷形目)Piciformes (barbets, toucans, woodpeckers, etc.) `--雀形目Passeriformes (songbirds, etc.) 備註： 蜥鳥亞綱(Sauriurae)這個分類建議不用目前它不是一個自然類群，多數學者不承認。 很多讀者質疑川州孔子鳥是不是(C. chuonzhous[按照拼音應該是C. chuanzhous]) 答案是肯定的。然而這個種是不是真的成立，還有很大疑問。 Jibeinia為 冀北鳥 沒有河北鳥該屬名石板鳥類(Lithornithiformes)之石板鳥(Lithornis)乃早期的最古老的日行性猛禽，始新世，英國。