我們先把nearly挑出來說，nearly與almost 可互換。是“幾乎”的意思。但表否定時，nothing, no 之前 不能用nearly, 應用almost。或用hardly any-代替The room is nearly empty.The driver was nearly dead…不能說There"s nearly no one left.應說：there"s almost no one left.或：there"s hardly anyone left.再看near, nearby 和near bynear可表示時間、空間、程度等方面的接近。nearby和near by只能表示空間上的接近，也就是“附近”。所以你的疑惑應該是在表示空間接近時該用哪個吧near可作表語、前置定語、狀語，nearby可作定語（前置後置都可以）、狀語，near by可作表語、定語（僅後置）、狀語。作表語時，near vs near bynear與near by可互換。如The restaurant is near.（最常用啦）=The restaurant is near by.作前置定語時，near vs nearbynear不會以原形出現，而是以比較級/最高階形式出現，如It took us 1.5 hours to get to the nearest hotel.而nearby壓根沒有比較級和最高階。如They moved to a nearby town.作後置定語時，nearby vs near by可互換，幾無差別。如the shop nearby=the shop near by.作狀語時，near vs nearby vs near by一般可互換，個人感覺不必太在意。如She lives near=She lives nearby.There is a new theatre near our house.=There is a new theatre near by our house.
我們先把nearly挑出來說，nearly與almost 可互換。是“幾乎”的意思。但表否定時，nothing, no 之前 不能用nearly, 應用almost。或用hardly any-代替The room is nearly empty.The driver was nearly dead…不能說There"s nearly no one left.應說：there"s almost no one left.或：there"s hardly anyone left.再看near, nearby 和near bynear可表示時間、空間、程度等方面的接近。nearby和near by只能表示空間上的接近，也就是“附近”。所以你的疑惑應該是在表示空間接近時該用哪個吧near可作表語、前置定語、狀語，nearby可作定語（前置後置都可以）、狀語，near by可作表語、定語（僅後置）、狀語。作表語時，near vs near bynear與near by可互換。如The restaurant is near.（最常用啦）=The restaurant is near by.作前置定語時，near vs nearbynear不會以原形出現，而是以比較級/最高階形式出現，如It took us 1.5 hours to get to the nearest hotel.而nearby壓根沒有比較級和最高階。如They moved to a nearby town.作後置定語時，nearby vs near by可互換，幾無差別。如the shop nearby=the shop near by.作狀語時，near vs nearby vs near by一般可互換，個人感覺不必太在意。如She lives near=She lives nearby.There is a new theatre near our house.=There is a new theatre near by our house.