-
1 # 潮水居
-
2 # 家居三所
介詞後接介詞賓語,因而理論上是不用副詞的,但我們時不時地會看到"意外"的情況。
有本詞典叫《新知英漢詞典》,是臺灣學者與日本人合編的,它把from here, from there 這類結構中的here, there 定義為名詞,這個肯定是有道理的,我相信也是有來歷的。但作為初學者,把這類東西看成"固定結構" 或“固定片語”就行了。
也就是from 後面加here, there 是個約定俗成的東西,是慣用。有時where 可看作是the place where.
That is a beautiful small city. She can admire lots of ancient architectures from there.像這樣的兩句,如用定語合成一句,自然就是:
This is a beautiful small city, from where she can admire lots of ancient architectures. 因為there 的連線形式是where.
這裡,這個where 是無論如何也不能分析成 in which的,雖然可以說from behind the door. 因為它= from the place behind the door.
在有一篇答題中,我曾講到,介詞要接賓語,而賓語是名詞或代詞這類實詞,形容詞副詞皆為虛詞,自然不能做賓語。那麼"介詞+名詞/代詞"這種結構,還是名詞嗎?自然不是,它類似於副詞了。
This morning was beautiful. (對)
On this morning was beautiful. (錯)
也即,in/on which 等這種結構,也是副詞性的
-
3 # 樂在英語
where在這裡不是關係副詞而是關係代詞,既然是關係代詞自然可以放在介詞from之後了。
因為where是可以做代詞用的,在這裡是“入鄉隨俗”當關系代詞使用。
where作代詞先來看看where作代詞的釋義:
--------------------------------------
where
IV. pronoun (代詞)
Etymology: where (I) : what or which place < where did you come from >
--------------------------------------
from where=from which place據此解釋,where作代詞,from where也就可以換成from which place,試對比以下句子:
He went up to the roof ,from where he had a good view of the city.
He went up to the roof ,from which place he had a good view of the city.
是不是理解起來容易多了?
when能這樣用嗎?那when呢?對,你沒猜錯,when也可以當代詞用!
看看when作代詞的釋義:
--------------------------------------
when
III. pronoun (代詞)
Etymology: when (I) : what or which time < in 1934, since when he has been working at landscapes and portraits — Horizon >
--------------------------------------
那麼定語從句中介詞後的when 自然也可作關係代詞,since when可以換作since which time,看例句:
He was born in 1981, since when he has led a poor life.
He was born in 1981, since which time he has led a poor life.
總結和推廣:
1.where有代詞詞性,定語從句中可以跟在from後作關係代詞。
2.不光是where,when也可以這麼用。
3.不光是from,別的介詞也可以這麼用。
4.不光是定語從句,其他結構也可以這麼用。
5.隨著學習的深入,有時候需要改變一下既定的觀念。正如學數學一樣,小學2不能減3,初中負數不能開平方……但是隨著學習水平的提高和深入,認識是在不斷擴充套件和變化的。
注:以上單詞釋義引用自《韋氏三版》。
回覆列表
from where 從哪裡來的呢?讓我來回答一下吧。
還是從源頭說起吧。在定語從句中,有兩大類詞引導定語從句,分別是關係代詞和關係副詞。
關係代詞
That (3)主 賓 表、
Which (2)主 賓 (物)
Whose (1)定
Who (2)主 賓 (人)
Whom (1)賓 (人)
As (3)主 賓 表
關係副詞
Why (1)原因狀語
Where (1)地點狀語
When (1)時間狀語
如同上面展示的那樣,如果定語從句缺少主語,賓語,定語和表語是需要用關係代詞來引導的。這樣問題就出來了,from分明是一個介詞,那麼理論上後面應該加一個關係代詞才對,怎麼用做狀語的關係副詞where來引導定語從句呢?
這是因為介詞from本身具有的獨特的用法。from這個介詞有個特徵就是可以和其他介詞疊用,例如from behind the door 在門後面 from under the bed 在床下面等等
而我們在學習定語從句的時候知道,where這個關係副詞可以根據先行詞的不同,轉換成某個介詞+which的形式,例如 This is the town where I live in. 可以轉換成This is the town in which I live.
所以我們可以推匯出from where的結構其實本質上就是 from+ 某個介詞+which
例如: She climbed up to the top of the hill,from where she could have a good view of the whole town.她登上山頂,從那裡她可以一覽全城風光.(引導定語從句)
其實這個句子可以理解為She climbed up to the top of the hill,from on which she could have a good view of the whole town.她登上山頂,從那裡她可以一覽全城風光.(引導定語從句)
這樣對比來看是不是就合乎英語語法邏輯了呢?只是現實應用當中我們不會寫成from on which類似的結構只有from where才是地道的英語。