Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother"s. 昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友湯姆。
We Chinese people are brave and hardworking. 我們華人民是勤勞勇敢的。
The fact [that he had not said anything surprised everybody.
句子結構：1、主語+謂語。即構成一個最簡單的句子。如：I dance.2、主語+謂語+賓語。賓語，就是主語藉助一個動作作用的一個物件。如：I hate him.3、主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語。如：I give him a book.4、主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語。如：I want you to go with me.5、主語+系動詞+表語。如：It smells good.
構成英語句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。英語句子的各部分組成結構叫做句型結構。
英語句子的組成成分叫句子成分，也叫句法成分。英語句子的基本成分有主語、謂語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補語、同位語。
英語句子的各部分組成結構叫做句型結構。有主謂結構、主系表結構、主謂賓結構、主謂雙賓結構、主謂賓補結構等。
句子成分：
1、主語: 句子要說明的人或事物。
例：The sun rises in the east. （名詞） He likes dancing. （代詞）
Twenty years is a short time in history.(數詞) Seeing is believing. （動名詞）
To see is to believe. （不定式） What he needs is a book. （主語從句）
2、謂語（predicate）：說明主語的動作、狀態和特徵。
We study English. He is asleep.
註解：謂語也就是謂語動詞充當，但謂語有很多種變體，因為它受到主語的影響，還有時態，主被動的變化，因此，同學們必須先會找出句子中的謂語。
3、表語（predicative）： 系動詞之後的成分，表示主語的性質、狀態和特徵。
He is a teacher. （名詞） Seventy-four! You don’t look it. （代詞）
Five and five is ten. （數詞） He is asleep. （形容詞）
His father is in. （副詞） The picture is on the wall. （介詞短語）
My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容詞化的分詞）
To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. （不定式）
The question is whether they will come. （表語從句）
記憶竅門：保持感覺就是變態。（感覺就是感官動詞，是就是be動詞，還有表示變化的動詞，保持就是表示維持一類的動詞）
It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange.
Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin.
The food smells delicious. The food tastes good.
The door remains open. Now I feel tired.
4、（1）動作的承受者—動賓
I like China. （名詞）He hates you. （代詞）
How many do you need? We need two. （數詞）
We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. （動名詞）
I hope to see you again. （不定式）
Did you write down what he said? （賓語從句）
（2） 介詞後的名詞、代詞和動名詞—介賓
Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks.
(3） 雙賓語—間賓（指人）和直賓（指物）
He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.
5、補語
賓補：對賓語的補充，全稱為賓語補足語。
We elected him monitor。（名詞）We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. （名詞）
We will make them happy. （形容詞） We found nobody in. ( 副詞 )
Please make yourself at home.（介詞短語）Don’t let him do that. （省to不定式）
His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. （帶to不定式）
Don’t keep the lights burning. （現在分詞） I’ll have my bike repaired. （過去分詞）
主補：對主語的補充。
He was elected monitor. She was found singing in the next room.
He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.
6、定語：修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、片語或句子。
Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.（名詞） He is our friend. （代詞）
We belong to the third world. （數詞）
He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（形容詞）
The man over there is my old friend.(副詞) The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister.（介詞）
The boys playing football are in Class 2. （現在分詞）
The trees planted last year are growing well now.（過去分詞）
I have an idea to do it well. （不定式）
You should do everything that I do. （定語從句）
7、狀語：用來修飾v., adj., adv., or 句子。 表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。
I will go there tomorrow.
The meeting will be held in the meeting room.
The meat went bad because of the hot weather.
He studies hard to learn English well.
He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam. I like some of you very much.
If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
He goes to school by bike.
Though he is young, he can do it well.
8、同位語：一個名詞(或其它形式)對另一個名詞或代詞進行修飾，限定或說明，這個名詞(或其它形式)就是同位語。同位語與被它限定的詞的格要一致，並常常緊挨在一起。
Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother"s. 昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友湯姆。
We Chinese people are brave and hardworking. 我們華人民是勤勞勇敢的。
The fact [that he had not said anything surprised everybody.
句子結構：1、主語+謂語。即構成一個最簡單的句子。如：I dance.2、主語+謂語+賓語。賓語，就是主語藉助一個動作作用的一個物件。如：I hate him.3、主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語。如：I give him a book.4、主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語。如：I want you to go with me.5、主語+系動詞+表語。如：It smells good.