例如:sharpener ["ʃɑ:pənə] car [kɑ:] dark [dɑ:k] arm [ɑ:m] card [kɑ:d] park [pɑ:k] hard [hɑ:d] farmer ["fɑ:mə] party ["pɑ:ti] artist ["ɑ:tist] garden ["gɑ:dn] far [fɑ:]
2).er在重讀音節中讀[ε:]
例如:term [tə:m] certainly ["sə:tənli] person ["pə:sn] university [,ju:ni"və:siti] Germany ["dʒə:məni] serve [sə:v] prefer [pri"fə:] deserve [di"zə:v] nervous ["nə:vəs] expert [ek"spə:t]
3.)ir在重讀音節中讀[ε:]
例如:skirt [skə:t] thirty ["θə:ti] thirsty ["θə:sti] first [fə:st] birthday ["bə:θdei] circle ["sə:kl] dirty ["də:ti]
4).or在重讀音節中讀[ɔ:]
例如:for [fɔ:] short [ʃɔ:t] sport [spɔ:t] born [bɔ:n] report [ri"pɔ:t] north [nɔ:θ] fork [fɔ:k] nor [nɔ:] order ["ɔ:də] corner ["kɔ:nə] storm [stɔ:m] afford [ə"fɔ:d] performance [pə"fɔ:məns] pork [pɔ:k]
例如:today [tə"dei] way [wei] play [plei] say [sei] day [dei] away [ə"wei] player ["pleiə] may [mei] stay [stei] maybe ["meibi] relay [ri"lei] lay [lei] pay[pei]
一. 5個R音節的讀音
R音節是由五個母音字母加上子音字母R一起構成的音節,R音節是許多單詞的構成部分,掌握R音節的讀音一般規則對單詞的拼讀與記憶很有幫助。在單詞中如果出現母音字母后有兩個R連在一起,如 sorry, parrot,hurry,這裡的兩個R是為了區分開音節與閉音節,這樣的結構一般不是R音節。R音節在單詞中的讀音一般規則如下表:
R音節在重讀音節中的讀音
1).ar在重讀音節中讀[a:]
例如:sharpener ["ʃɑ:pənə] car [kɑ:] dark [dɑ:k] arm [ɑ:m] card [kɑ:d] park [pɑ:k] hard [hɑ:d] farmer ["fɑ:mə] party ["pɑ:ti] artist ["ɑ:tist] garden ["gɑ:dn] far [fɑ:]
2).er在重讀音節中讀[ε:]
例如:term [tə:m] certainly ["sə:tənli] person ["pə:sn] university [,ju:ni"və:siti] Germany ["dʒə:məni] serve [sə:v] prefer [pri"fə:] deserve [di"zə:v] nervous ["nə:vəs] expert [ek"spə:t]
3.)ir在重讀音節中讀[ε:]
例如:skirt [skə:t] thirty ["θə:ti] thirsty ["θə:sti] first [fə:st] birthday ["bə:θdei] circle ["sə:kl] dirty ["də:ti]
4).or在重讀音節中讀[ɔ:]
例如:for [fɔ:] short [ʃɔ:t] sport [spɔ:t] born [bɔ:n] report [ri"pɔ:t] north [nɔ:θ] fork [fɔ:k] nor [nɔ:] order ["ɔ:də] corner ["kɔ:nə] storm [stɔ:m] afford [ə"fɔ:d] performance [pə"fɔ:məns] pork [pɔ:k]
5).ur在重讀音節中讀[ε:]
例如:purse [pə:s] purple ["pə:pl] Thursday ["θə:zdi] turkey ["tə:ki] turn [tə:n] church [tʃə:tʃ] disturb [dis"tə:b] hurt [hə:t] return [ri"tə:n] surfing ["sə:fiŋ] Turkey ["tə:ki]
R音節在非重讀音節中讀
R音節在非重讀音節中讀[ə]
例如:number ["nʌmbə] ruler ["ru:lə] father ["fɑ:ðə] after ["ɑ:ftə] doctor ["dɔktə] Saturday ["sætədi] dollar["dɔlə] popular ["pɔpjulə] sugar ["ʃugə] perhaps [pə"hæps] conductor [kən"dʌktə] scissors ["sizəz] comfortable ["kʌmfətəbl] inventor [in"ventə] shepherd ["ʃepəd] inspector [in"spektə]
R音節在W後的讀音
1). ar在W後讀[ɔ:]
例如:wardrobe ["wɔ:drəub]warm[wɔ:m]war[wɔ:] towards [tə"wɔ:dz] rewarding [ri"wɔ:diŋ]
2).or在W後讀[ε:]
例如:work [wə:k] word [wə:d] world [wə:ld] worse [wə:s] worth [wə:θ]
二.七個元子音字母組合及其讀音:
R音節是英語中最常見的元子音字母組合,R音節的讀音在前面已講到。除了R音節外,英語中常見的元子音字母組合如下表:
1).字母AW組合讀[ɔ:],例如:draw [drɔ:] law[lɔ:] saw [s ɔ:] awful [ˈɔ:fl] flaw [flɔ:] lawn[lɔ:n] jaw[dʒɔ:] paw[pɔ:]
2)字母AY組合讀[ei]1).字母AW組合讀[ɔ:],例如:draw [drɔ:] law[lɔ:] saw [s ɔ:] awful [ˈɔ:fl] flaw [flɔ:] lawn[lɔ:n] jaw[dʒɔ:] paw[pɔ:]
例如:today [tə"dei] way [wei] play [plei] say [sei] day [dei] away [ə"wei] player ["pleiə] may [mei] stay [stei] maybe ["meibi] relay [ri"lei] lay [lei] pay[pei]
3)字母EW組合讀[ju:]
例如:news [nju:z] few [fju:] chew [tʃu:] crew [kru:]jewelry ["dʒu:əlrɪ] Jewish [ˈdʒu:ɪʃ]
4)字母EY組合讀在重讀音節中讀
例如:hey[hei] they [ðei] grey [grei] key [ki:];
在非重讀音節中讀[i]
例如:money ["mʌni] Sydney ["sidni] turkey ["tə:ki] monkey ["mʌŋki]
5)字母EX組合讀[gz]
例如:exact[ɪgˈzækt] exam[ɪgˈzæm] example[ɪgˈa:mpl] exist[ɪgˈzɪst] exhaust[ɪgˈzɔ:st] executive[ɪgˈzekjətɪv];
字母EX組合讀[ks]
例如:excuse[ɪkˈskju:s] expect[ˈekspɜ:t] exchange[ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ] except[ɪkˈsept] experience [ɪkˈspɪəriəns] experiment [ɪkˈsperɪmənt] explain [ɪkˈspleɪn] expose [ɪk"spəʊz] express[ɪkˈspres] expensive[ɪkˈspensɪv] extraordinary [ɪkˈstrɔ:dnri]
6)字母OY組合讀[ɔi]
例如:boy [bɔi] toy [tɔi] employ [imˈplɔi] enjoy [inˈdʒɔi]
7)字母OW組合讀[əu]
例如:row [rəu] know [nəu] window ["windəu] yellow ["jeləu] throw [θrəu] borrow ["bɔrəu] tomorrow [tə"mɔ:rəu] follow ["fɔləu] grow [grəu] slow [sləu] show [ʃəu] snow [snəu] below [bi"ləu] Moscow ["mɔskəu] own [əun] bowl [bəul];
字母OW組合讀[au]
例如:how [hau] down [daun] now [nau] flower ["flauə] brown [braun] cow [kau] town [taun] shower ["ʃauə] crow [krəu] allow [ə"lau]