① 當不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)或從句在複合賓語結構中作某些動詞的賓語時(如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等);
e.g. They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.
(他們發現與我們華人一起工作很愉快。)
I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English.
(我覺得理解英語特別節目並不難。)
He makes it a rule never to borrow money.
(他立志決不向別人借錢。)
I think it no need talking about it with them.
(我認為沒必要跟他們談。)
② 某些表示“喜、怒、哀、樂”的動詞,如like, enjoy, love, hate等,往往不能直接接賓語從句;
e.g. I don’t like it that he’s so lazy.
(我不喜歡他那麼懶惰。)
I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs.
(我討厭母親要我吃雞蛋。)
e.g. You may depend on it that we shall always help you.
(儘管放心,我們會隨時幫你的。)
Would you see to it that she gets home early?
(你負責保證她早到家,好嗎?)
He insisted on it that he was innocent.
(他堅持說自己是無辜的。)
④ 由及物動詞與介片語成的固定搭配中,賓語從句若作該動詞的賓語時,須借用it。
e.g. I leave it to your own judgment whether you should do it.
(我讓你自己判斷這事是否該做。)
We owe it to you that there wasn’t a serious accident.
(多虧了你才沒有發生嚴重事故。)
⑤“it”作形式賓語時的幾種特殊結構
英語中,當動詞不定式、動名詞或從句在句中充當賓語且其後又帶有賓語補足語時,習慣上要在賓語補足語前使用一個沒有具體意義的形式賓語it,而將真正的賓語移到補足語的後面,構成“動詞+it+賓語補足語+不定式(動名詞或從句)”結構。如:She felt it her duty to take good care of them.
她感到好好照顧他們是她的責任。
I think it no good going there now.
我認為現在去那裡沒有好處。
The headmaster has made it clear that the school meeting ill not be put off.
It 用作形式賓語
當不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)或從句在某個句子中作賓語時,為保持句子結構平衡,避免句式結構的混亂,常用it作形式賓語,而將真正的賓語放在句尾。此時it仍只起先行引導作用,本身無詞義。
下列四種情況須用it 作形式賓語:
① 當不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)或從句在複合賓語結構中作某些動詞的賓語時(如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等);
e.g. They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.
(他們發現與我們華人一起工作很愉快。)
I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English.
(我覺得理解英語特別節目並不難。)
He makes it a rule never to borrow money.
(他立志決不向別人借錢。)
I think it no need talking about it with them.
(我認為沒必要跟他們談。)
② 某些表示“喜、怒、哀、樂”的動詞,如like, enjoy, love, hate等,往往不能直接接賓語從句;
e.g. I don’t like it that he’s so lazy.
(我不喜歡他那麼懶惰。)
I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs.
(我討厭母親要我吃雞蛋。)
e.g. You may depend on it that we shall always help you.
(儘管放心,我們會隨時幫你的。)
Would you see to it that she gets home early?
(你負責保證她早到家,好嗎?)
He insisted on it that he was innocent.
(他堅持說自己是無辜的。)
④ 由及物動詞與介片語成的固定搭配中,賓語從句若作該動詞的賓語時,須借用it。
e.g. I leave it to your own judgment whether you should do it.
(我讓你自己判斷這事是否該做。)
We owe it to you that there wasn’t a serious accident.
(多虧了你才沒有發生嚴重事故。)
⑤“it”作形式賓語時的幾種特殊結構
英語中,當動詞不定式、動名詞或從句在句中充當賓語且其後又帶有賓語補足語時,習慣上要在賓語補足語前使用一個沒有具體意義的形式賓語it,而將真正的賓語移到補足語的後面,構成“動詞+it+賓語補足語+不定式(動名詞或從句)”結構。如:She felt it her duty to take good care of them.
她感到好好照顧他們是她的責任。
I think it no good going there now.
我認為現在去那裡沒有好處。
The headmaster has made it clear that the school meeting ill not be put off.
校長說得很清楚校會不會推遲。