一、對現在情況的虛擬
條件從句中謂語動詞用一般過去式,主句用“would/should/might/could+動詞原形”形式,表示對現在不可能實現情況的假想。
If I were you,I would choose to work in a small town.
如果我是你,我會選擇在小城鎮工作。(事實上我不是你)
If I had a map now,we could easily get out of the forest.
如果現在有地圖,我們能很容易地走出森林。(事實上是現在沒有地圖)
注意:在條件從句中,如果謂語動詞是be的形式,不管主語是單數還是複數,書面語中用were,而口語中如果是單數,也可以用was,不過在if I were...中一般用were.
If the world were perfect,how could we enjoy the pleasure and comfort of being successful?
世界若完美,我們如何能嚐到創造成功的快慰?
二、對過去情況的虛擬
條件從句中謂語動詞用過去完成式,主語用“would/could/should/might+have+動詞的過去分詞”形式。
If it had not been for your help yesterday,I could not have caught the bus.
如果昨天沒有你的幫助,我不會趕上公交車。(事實是你昨天已經幫助了我,所以我趕上了車)
三、對將來情況的虛擬
在表示與將來事實相反的條件從句中,謂語動詞可用should do,were to do或動詞的過去式三種形式表示,但意義略有不同。should表示的可能性最大,動詞過去式的可能性次之,were to do 的可能性最小。
If things were to be twice,all would be wise.
假如凡事都可以重新做一次,人人皆可成為聰明人。(事實是並不是所有的事都可以重新做一次)。
一、對現在情況的虛擬
條件從句中謂語動詞用一般過去式,主句用“would/should/might/could+動詞原形”形式,表示對現在不可能實現情況的假想。
If I were you,I would choose to work in a small town.
如果我是你,我會選擇在小城鎮工作。(事實上我不是你)
If I had a map now,we could easily get out of the forest.
如果現在有地圖,我們能很容易地走出森林。(事實上是現在沒有地圖)
注意:在條件從句中,如果謂語動詞是be的形式,不管主語是單數還是複數,書面語中用were,而口語中如果是單數,也可以用was,不過在if I were...中一般用were.
If the world were perfect,how could we enjoy the pleasure and comfort of being successful?
世界若完美,我們如何能嚐到創造成功的快慰?
二、對過去情況的虛擬
條件從句中謂語動詞用過去完成式,主語用“would/could/should/might+have+動詞的過去分詞”形式。
If it had not been for your help yesterday,I could not have caught the bus.
如果昨天沒有你的幫助,我不會趕上公交車。(事實是你昨天已經幫助了我,所以我趕上了車)
三、對將來情況的虛擬
在表示與將來事實相反的條件從句中,謂語動詞可用should do,were to do或動詞的過去式三種形式表示,但意義略有不同。should表示的可能性最大,動詞過去式的可能性次之,were to do 的可能性最小。
If things were to be twice,all would be wise.
假如凡事都可以重新做一次,人人皆可成為聰明人。(事實是並不是所有的事都可以重新做一次)。