名詞的詞形變化1.不規則複數形式1）來自的複數形式，如：child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth goose---geeseman---men woman---women mouse---mice louse---liceox---oxen penny---pence analysis---analyses appendix---appendicesparenthesis---parentheses basis---bases ellipsis---ellipsesaxis---axes hypothesis---hypotheses oasis---oases crisis----crisescriterion---criteria phenomenon---phenomena datum---data medium---mediabacterium---bacteria nucleus---nuclei fungus---fungi stimulus---stimulialumnus---alumni focus---foci radius---radii terminus---terminilarva---larvae alga---algae formula---formulae＃當代中往往把data當做單數用，因此常見到複數形式datas。另外，lens是一個單數可數名詞，其複數形式為lenses。1）詞尾讀音為[f]並以－f或0－fe結尾的形式有以下幾種情況：a）規則形式：belief---beliefs chief----chiefs cliff----cliffs grief----griefsb）不規則形式，即把－f或－fe變成－v，再加－es,讀音為[vz]:calf---calves half---halves leaf----leaves life----livesloaf---loaves self---shelves thief---thieves wife---wiveswolf---wolvesc）既可是規則形式又可是不規則形式：dwarf---dwarfs/dwarves hoof---hoofs/hovesscarf---scarfs/scarves wharf---wharfs/wharves3）以－o結尾的名次有三種情況：a）附屬形式為－s：這類詞包括kilos,photos；表示國籍或民族的詞Filipinos,Eskimos以及radios,,sopranos,studiosb）複數形式為－es，如：,potatoes,tomatoes,Negroes。c）複數有規則的和不規則的兩種形式，如：cargo---cargos/cargoes mosquito---mosquitos/mosquitoes volcano---volacbos/volcanoes2.的名詞1）某些動物名詞，如：deer,grouse,salmon,trout,carp,bison,sheep等2）以－ese或－ss結尾的表示民族或國籍的名詞，如：Chinses,Japanese,Portuguese,Swiss,Vietnamese等3）某些以－s結尾的名詞，如：,corps,crossroads,gallows,headquarters,means,series,species,works等4）某些表示的名詞，如：horsepower,,kilo,li,mu等其他一些名詞，如：aircraft,spacercarft,craft,offspring等。其中請特別注意－s結尾的的名詞，它們是考試的重點！！3.前一般不需要加，永遠不能加！例如下列用法均屬錯誤：the mathematics the banking a cloth an equipment作主語，謂語要用單數形式。如：Water is important.但如果不可數名詞前面被piece,drop,set等詞修飾時，謂語應該與piece,drop,set等的單複數形式保持一致例如：Few drops of water are needed to save the.下面是典型的不可數名詞，是應該熟記的！！air,smoke,,vapor,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,water,oil,soup,,ink,rain,snow,ice,tea,coffee,wine,sunlight,sunshine,lightning,,weather,darkness,heat,light,electricity,energy,power,,salt,rice,corn,powder,flour,sand,dust,dirt,garbage,grass,hair,furniture,luggage,clothing,mail,equipment,food,meat,fruit,bread,,stone,iron,copper,chalk,paper,glass,wood,money,poetry,jewelry,machinery,weaponry,personnel,scenery,,kindness,honesty,friendship,attention,wisdom,success,courage,bravery,health,wealth,ignorance,trouble,ease,luck,laughter,love,peace,news,information,knowledge,intelligence,fun,pleasure,,enjoyment,recreation,relaxation,progress,room,work,homework,population,percent,mathematics,econmics,statistics,meteorology,anthropology,,physics,photography,ethics,politics,mechanics,genetics,geology,geography,chemistry,,,history,music,English,measles,,diabetes,malaria,pediatrics,obsterics請特別注意其中以－s結尾的不可數名詞，大家平時應該積累遇到的不可數名詞！！注意下列可數名詞！！poet poem essay newspaper machine weapon scene photograph photographer英語中有許多名詞既可作可數，又可作不可數。如:hair作“人或動物的毛”的時候是可數名詞，作頭髮解釋時是不可數名詞。判斷一個詞是否可數，除了記憶以外， 主要看題中該名詞的修飾詞來決定。如：much只能修飾不可數名詞4.單數形式和複數形式的詞義不同的名詞英語中有些名詞的複數形式的詞義不同於單數形式，如：air(空氣)---air(氣派) arm(手臂)---arms(武器) ash(灰)---ashes(骨灰；廢墟)authority(權利)---authorities(當局) cloth(織物)---clothes(衣服) content(含量)---contents(目錄)custom(習慣)---customs(海關；關稅) damage(損害)---damages(賠償金) force(力量)---forces()glass(玻璃)---glasses(眼鏡) good(利益)---goods(貨物) green(綠色)---greens(青菜)letter(字母)---letters(文學) manner(方式)---manners(舉止，儀態) minute(分鐘)---minutes(記錄)pain(痛苦)---pains(勞苦) papaer(紙)---papers(檔案) quarter(1/4)---quarter(宿舍)spectacle()---spectacles(眼鏡) spirit(精神)--- spirits() time(時間)---times(時代)water(水)---waters(水域) wood(木頭)---woods(森林) work(工作)---works(工廠)總結1.單數名詞不能單獨存在，一般前面應該有修飾。2.a/an永遠只能修飾單數可數名詞。3.every和each永遠只能修飾單數可數名詞。但every++是正確的，如：every ten years4.後面一般使用單數可數名詞。5.anther永遠只修飾單數可數名詞但another+/few+是正確的，如：another eight years;another few books6.other通常修飾，也可修飾不可數名詞。但the other+is/was 單數名詞或any other+單數名詞是正確的，如We have two girls in this team.One is Mary,the other is Alice.Henry Smith is taller than any other student in his class.7.下列詞和短語只能修飾複數名詞these,those,many,various,several,numerous,diverse,few,a few,both,a (good/large/great) number of,numbers of,one of8.大於1的詞數只能修飾複數名詞！！牢記的結構：one/two/many+of++複數名詞！！9.只能修飾單數可數名詞的詞：one,anther,a/an,this,that,each,every,either,such a,many a！！注意！！many student以及many a student10.只能修飾複數可數名詞的詞：>1的數字（two,six.....),hundred,thousand,million,both,several,many,few,a few,these,those,a (good/large/great) number ofnumbers of,the numberof,numbers of,numerous,various,diverse,a series of,a wide range of,a collevtion of11.只修飾不可數名詞的詞：much,little,a litter,a great deal of,a great amount of,a piece of,an article of12.既可修飾不可數又能修飾可數的詞：all (of) a lot of some (of) lots of any (of)plenty of most (of) half (of) a wealth of (a) part ofenough (of) the rest of other one third of suchno a variety of
名詞的詞形變化1.不規則複數形式1）來自的複數形式，如：child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth goose---geeseman---men woman---women mouse---mice louse---liceox---oxen penny---pence analysis---analyses appendix---appendicesparenthesis---parentheses basis---bases ellipsis---ellipsesaxis---axes hypothesis---hypotheses oasis---oases crisis----crisescriterion---criteria phenomenon---phenomena datum---data medium---mediabacterium---bacteria nucleus---nuclei fungus---fungi stimulus---stimulialumnus---alumni focus---foci radius---radii terminus---terminilarva---larvae alga---algae formula---formulae＃當代中往往把data當做單數用，因此常見到複數形式datas。另外，lens是一個單數可數名詞，其複數形式為lenses。1）詞尾讀音為[f]並以－f或0－fe結尾的形式有以下幾種情況：a）規則形式：belief---beliefs chief----chiefs cliff----cliffs grief----griefsb）不規則形式，即把－f或－fe變成－v，再加－es,讀音為[vz]:calf---calves half---halves leaf----leaves life----livesloaf---loaves self---shelves thief---thieves wife---wiveswolf---wolvesc）既可是規則形式又可是不規則形式：dwarf---dwarfs/dwarves hoof---hoofs/hovesscarf---scarfs/scarves wharf---wharfs/wharves3）以－o結尾的名次有三種情況：a）附屬形式為－s：這類詞包括kilos,photos；表示國籍或民族的詞Filipinos,Eskimos以及radios,,sopranos,studiosb）複數形式為－es，如：,potatoes,tomatoes,Negroes。c）複數有規則的和不規則的兩種形式，如：cargo---cargos/cargoes mosquito---mosquitos/mosquitoes volcano---volacbos/volcanoes2.的名詞1）某些動物名詞，如：deer,grouse,salmon,trout,carp,bison,sheep等2）以－ese或－ss結尾的表示民族或國籍的名詞，如：Chinses,Japanese,Portuguese,Swiss,Vietnamese等3）某些以－s結尾的名詞，如：,corps,crossroads,gallows,headquarters,means,series,species,works等4）某些表示的名詞，如：horsepower,,kilo,li,mu等其他一些名詞，如：aircraft,spacercarft,craft,offspring等。其中請特別注意－s結尾的的名詞，它們是考試的重點！！3.前一般不需要加，永遠不能加！例如下列用法均屬錯誤：the mathematics the banking a cloth an equipment作主語，謂語要用單數形式。如：Water is important.但如果不可數名詞前面被piece,drop,set等詞修飾時，謂語應該與piece,drop,set等的單複數形式保持一致例如：Few drops of water are needed to save the.下面是典型的不可數名詞，是應該熟記的！！air,smoke,,vapor,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,water,oil,soup,,ink,rain,snow,ice,tea,coffee,wine,sunlight,sunshine,lightning,,weather,darkness,heat,light,electricity,energy,power,,salt,rice,corn,powder,flour,sand,dust,dirt,garbage,grass,hair,furniture,luggage,clothing,mail,equipment,food,meat,fruit,bread,,stone,iron,copper,chalk,paper,glass,wood,money,poetry,jewelry,machinery,weaponry,personnel,scenery,,kindness,honesty,friendship,attention,wisdom,success,courage,bravery,health,wealth,ignorance,trouble,ease,luck,laughter,love,peace,news,information,knowledge,intelligence,fun,pleasure,,enjoyment,recreation,relaxation,progress,room,work,homework,population,percent,mathematics,econmics,statistics,meteorology,anthropology,,physics,photography,ethics,politics,mechanics,genetics,geology,geography,chemistry,,,history,music,English,measles,,diabetes,malaria,pediatrics,obsterics請特別注意其中以－s結尾的不可數名詞，大家平時應該積累遇到的不可數名詞！！注意下列可數名詞！！poet poem essay newspaper machine weapon scene photograph photographer英語中有許多名詞既可作可數，又可作不可數。如:hair作“人或動物的毛”的時候是可數名詞，作頭髮解釋時是不可數名詞。判斷一個詞是否可數，除了記憶以外， 主要看題中該名詞的修飾詞來決定。如：much只能修飾不可數名詞4.單數形式和複數形式的詞義不同的名詞英語中有些名詞的複數形式的詞義不同於單數形式，如：air(空氣)---air(氣派) arm(手臂)---arms(武器) ash(灰)---ashes(骨灰；廢墟)authority(權利)---authorities(當局) cloth(織物)---clothes(衣服) content(含量)---contents(目錄)custom(習慣)---customs(海關；關稅) damage(損害)---damages(賠償金) force(力量)---forces()glass(玻璃)---glasses(眼鏡) good(利益)---goods(貨物) green(綠色)---greens(青菜)letter(字母)---letters(文學) manner(方式)---manners(舉止，儀態) minute(分鐘)---minutes(記錄)pain(痛苦)---pains(勞苦) papaer(紙)---papers(檔案) quarter(1/4)---quarter(宿舍)spectacle()---spectacles(眼鏡) spirit(精神)--- spirits() time(時間)---times(時代)water(水)---waters(水域) wood(木頭)---woods(森林) work(工作)---works(工廠)總結1.單數名詞不能單獨存在，一般前面應該有修飾。2.a/an永遠只能修飾單數可數名詞。3.every和each永遠只能修飾單數可數名詞。但every++是正確的，如：every ten years4.後面一般使用單數可數名詞。5.anther永遠只修飾單數可數名詞但another+/few+是正確的，如：another eight years;another few books6.other通常修飾，也可修飾不可數名詞。但the other+is/was 單數名詞或any other+單數名詞是正確的，如We have two girls in this team.One is Mary,the other is Alice.Henry Smith is taller than any other student in his class.7.下列詞和短語只能修飾複數名詞these,those,many,various,several,numerous,diverse,few,a few,both,a (good/large/great) number of,numbers of,one of8.大於1的詞數只能修飾複數名詞！！牢記的結構：one/two/many+of++複數名詞！！9.只能修飾單數可數名詞的詞：one,anther,a/an,this,that,each,every,either,such a,many a！！注意！！many student以及many a student10.只能修飾複數可數名詞的詞：>1的數字（two,six.....),hundred,thousand,million,both,several,many,few,a few,these,those,a (good/large/great) number ofnumbers of,the numberof,numbers of,numerous,various,diverse,a series of,a wide range of,a collevtion of11.只修飾不可數名詞的詞：much,little,a litter,a great deal of,a great amount of,a piece of,an article of12.既可修飾不可數又能修飾可數的詞：all (of) a lot of some (of) lots of any (of)plenty of most (of) half (of) a wealth of (a) part ofenough (of) the rest of other one third of suchno a variety of