一、從基本詞義上看兩者都可表示“借”,但是 borrow 指“借入”,而 lend 則指“借出”,兩者其實是一對反義詞,而不是同義詞。如:Can I borrow your bike? 我可以借用你的腳踏車嗎?He lent his dictionary to me. 他把字典借給我。He was often sent out to borrow. 他常常被派出去借錢。Some people neither borrows nor lends. 有的人既不借也不貸。二、從句型搭配上看1. 要表示“向某人借某物”,英語用borrow sth from sb,其中用介詞from。如:Don’t borrow money from her. 不要向她借錢。Sam borrowed a car from his friend. 薩姆向他的朋友借來了一輛車。2. 要表示“把某物借給某人”,英語用lend sth to sb,其中用介詞to。如:He lent his pen to me. 他把他的鋼筆借給了我。He told me not to lend it to her. 他叫我別把它借給她。三、從是否接雙賓語來看lend 可接雙賓語(即可用於 lend sb sth),但 borrow 則不能接雙賓語(即不能用於 borrow sb sth)。如:Could you lend me some money? 你能否借給我一點錢?He offered to lend me some books. 他主動提出借給我幾本書。比較:正:She lent him some money. 她借給他一些錢。正:She lent some money to him. 她借給他一些錢。正:He borrowed some money from her. 他向她借了一些錢。誤:He borrowed her some money.
一、從基本詞義上看兩者都可表示“借”,但是 borrow 指“借入”,而 lend 則指“借出”,兩者其實是一對反義詞,而不是同義詞。如:Can I borrow your bike? 我可以借用你的腳踏車嗎?He lent his dictionary to me. 他把字典借給我。He was often sent out to borrow. 他常常被派出去借錢。Some people neither borrows nor lends. 有的人既不借也不貸。二、從句型搭配上看1. 要表示“向某人借某物”,英語用borrow sth from sb,其中用介詞from。如:Don’t borrow money from her. 不要向她借錢。Sam borrowed a car from his friend. 薩姆向他的朋友借來了一輛車。2. 要表示“把某物借給某人”,英語用lend sth to sb,其中用介詞to。如:He lent his pen to me. 他把他的鋼筆借給了我。He told me not to lend it to her. 他叫我別把它借給她。三、從是否接雙賓語來看lend 可接雙賓語(即可用於 lend sb sth),但 borrow 則不能接雙賓語(即不能用於 borrow sb sth)。如:Could you lend me some money? 你能否借給我一點錢?He offered to lend me some books. 他主動提出借給我幾本書。比較:正:She lent him some money. 她借給他一些錢。正:She lent some money to him. 她借給他一些錢。正:He borrowed some money from her. 他向她借了一些錢。誤:He borrowed her some money.