1. while 引導的時間狀語從句既可放在句首,也可放在句末;而 while 引導的讓步狀語從句一般放在句首,不放在句末。另外,也可以從意義上加以區分。例如:
While he was tired, he went on working.
(雖然他累了,但他還是繼續工作。)
( while 引導讓步狀語從句)
While he was tired, he would have a rest.
(他累了就休息一會兒。)
( while 引導時間狀語從句)
2. while 引導讓步狀語從句時,如果從句的主語和主句的主語相同,那麼從句的主語和謂語動詞 be 都可以省略。例如:
While he was ill, he went there. (= While ill, he went there.)
(雖然他有病,但他還是去那裡了。)
3. while 和 when 都可以引導時間狀語從句,但應注意: while 引導的時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞必須是延續性的動詞;而 when 引導的時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞既可以是延續性動詞,也可以是非延續性動詞。當時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞是延續性動詞時, while 和 when 可以互相替換。例如:
While we were talking, the teacher came in.
(我們正在談話時,老師進來了。)
The bus had left when we arrived at the bus stop.
(當我們到達車站時,公共汽車已經開走了。)
( arrive 是非延續性動詞,因此,此句中的 when 不能用 while 替換。)
When / While we were having a meeting, our teacher came in.
(我們正在開會時,老師走了進來。)
( have 是延續性動詞,因此,句中的 when 可以用 while 替換。)
4. while 引導的狀語從句還可以表示“某個動作正在進行的同時,另一個動作也在進行之中”。例如:
While the teacher was speaking, the students were listening.
一、 while 用作名詞時,意為“一段時間,一會兒”。例如:
I stayed there for a short while.
(我在那兒呆了一小會兒。)
The postman came a short while ago.
(郵遞員剛剛來過。)
二、 while 用作連詞時,有以下幾種含義:
1. 意為“當……時候,和……同時”,引導時間狀語從句。例如:
While I was watching TV, the bell rang.
(我看電視時,鈴響了。)
Meimei watched TV while she ate her supper.
(梅梅邊吃晚飯邊看電視。)
2. 意為“雖然,儘管”,引導讓步狀語從句。例如:
While it was late, he went on working.
(雖然很晚了,但他還在繼續工作。)
While he is in poor health, he works hard.
(雖然他身體不好,但他還是努力工作。)
3. 連線兩個並列句子,表示“對比”關係。例如:
He went out for a walk, while I stayed at home.
(他出去散步了,而我卻呆在家裡。)
I like singing while she likes dancing.
(我喜歡唱歌,而她喜歡跳舞。)
You like sports, while I prefer music.
(你喜歡體育,而我更喜歡音樂。)
三、 while 引導狀語從句時,應注意以下幾點:
1. while 引導的時間狀語從句既可放在句首,也可放在句末;而 while 引導的讓步狀語從句一般放在句首,不放在句末。另外,也可以從意義上加以區分。例如:
While he was tired, he went on working.
(雖然他累了,但他還是繼續工作。)
( while 引導讓步狀語從句)
While he was tired, he would have a rest.
(他累了就休息一會兒。)
( while 引導時間狀語從句)
2. while 引導讓步狀語從句時,如果從句的主語和主句的主語相同,那麼從句的主語和謂語動詞 be 都可以省略。例如:
While he was ill, he went there. (= While ill, he went there.)
(雖然他有病,但他還是去那裡了。)
3. while 和 when 都可以引導時間狀語從句,但應注意: while 引導的時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞必須是延續性的動詞;而 when 引導的時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞既可以是延續性動詞,也可以是非延續性動詞。當時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞是延續性動詞時, while 和 when 可以互相替換。例如:
While we were talking, the teacher came in.
(我們正在談話時,老師進來了。)
The bus had left when we arrived at the bus stop.
(當我們到達車站時,公共汽車已經開走了。)
( arrive 是非延續性動詞,因此,此句中的 when 不能用 while 替換。)
When / While we were having a meeting, our teacher came in.
(我們正在開會時,老師走了進來。)
( have 是延續性動詞,因此,句中的 when 可以用 while 替換。)
4. while 引導的狀語從句還可以表示“某個動作正在進行的同時,另一個動作也在進行之中”。例如:
While the teacher was speaking, the students were listening.
(老師講課時,學生們在聽。)
While he was writing, I was reading.