賓語從句英語語法
賓語從句(一)
在複合句中用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句.賓語從句是初中英語中最重要的一種從句,它內容完整,句型結構較為複雜,主句和從句時態搭配要求嚴格,在中考試題中頻頻出現.而且學好賓語從句也可為到高中學習間接引語、主語從句、表語從句及同位語從句打下良好的基礎.
賓語從句常由that引導,在口語中常省略.當主句中謂語動詞是現在或將來時態時,從句中謂語動詞不受主句中謂語動詞時態的影響,按需要可以使用任何時態.如:
She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她說她從週一至週五上班.(從句是一般現在時)
She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. 她說她要在他桌子上留個便條.(從句是一般將來時)
She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. 她說她從來沒有去過峨眉山.(從句是現在完成時)
當主句謂語是過去時態,從句中的時態一般用表示過去的某種時態.如:
He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. 他說昨天下午沒有課.(從句是一般過去時)
He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby. 他說他會去照看這個嬰兒.(從句是過去將來時)
He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time. 他說他們那時正在開會.(從句是過去進行時)
當主句謂語是過去時態,而賓語從句敘述某一客觀真理(事實)時,賓語從句的時態則用一般現在時.如:
The teacher told us(that) nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.
老師告訴我們世上無難事只怕有心人.
She said (that) her father is twenty-eight years older than her.她說她父親比她大二十八歲He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他說光傳播比聲音傳播快得多.
賓語從句(二)
由連線代詞或連線副詞引導的賓語從句.
引出名詞性從句的連詞whether和if,在引出賓語從句時,用法和意義相同.但是隻能引出賓語從句和不在句首的主語從句,而whether除了引出賓語從句外,還可引出主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句.
例如:We don"t know whether (if) it is right. 我們不知道它是否正確.
he question is whether she should do that. 問題在於她是否應該做那件事.
Whether it is true remains a question. 是真是假還是個問題.
試比較:
當if從句處在主句之後作“是否”講時,引出的是賓語從句.例如:
I don"t know if it is true. 我不知道這事是否真實.
當if從句在主句之前作“如果”講,則引出狀語從句.例如:
I shall go there if I have time. 如果我有時間,我將到那兒去.
初中英語賓語從句小結
一、當由陳述句充當賓語從句時,用that引導,that無詞義,在口語或非正式文體中常省略.如:
He said that he could finish his work before supper.他說他會在晚飯前完成工作
二、當由一般疑問句充當賓語從句時,用if或whether引導,意為“是否”.如:
Alice wanted to know if/whether her grandmother liked the bag.愛麗斯想知道她祖母是否喜歡這個包. I don"t know whether he"ll come the day after tomorrow.我不知道他後天是否會來
但直接與or not連用時,往往用whether(if…or not也可以使用).如:
Let me know whether / if he will come or not.(= Let me know whether or not he will come )讓我知道他是否能來.
I don"t know whether / if he does any washing or not.(= I don"t know whether or not he does any washing. )我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服.
I wonder whether we stay or whether we go.我想知道我們是去還是留.
三、如果賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句,只需用原來的疑問詞引導.如:
Could you tell me where we will have the meeting this afternoon?你能告訴我我們今天下午將在哪兒開會嗎?
I don"t know who bought the present for me. Is it Jack?我不知道誰給我買了禮物.是傑克嗎?
賓語從句英語語法
賓語從句(一)
在複合句中用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句.賓語從句是初中英語中最重要的一種從句,它內容完整,句型結構較為複雜,主句和從句時態搭配要求嚴格,在中考試題中頻頻出現.而且學好賓語從句也可為到高中學習間接引語、主語從句、表語從句及同位語從句打下良好的基礎.
賓語從句常由that引導,在口語中常省略.當主句中謂語動詞是現在或將來時態時,從句中謂語動詞不受主句中謂語動詞時態的影響,按需要可以使用任何時態.如:
She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她說她從週一至週五上班.(從句是一般現在時)
She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. 她說她要在他桌子上留個便條.(從句是一般將來時)
She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. 她說她從來沒有去過峨眉山.(從句是現在完成時)
當主句謂語是過去時態,從句中的時態一般用表示過去的某種時態.如:
He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. 他說昨天下午沒有課.(從句是一般過去時)
He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby. 他說他會去照看這個嬰兒.(從句是過去將來時)
He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time. 他說他們那時正在開會.(從句是過去進行時)
當主句謂語是過去時態,而賓語從句敘述某一客觀真理(事實)時,賓語從句的時態則用一般現在時.如:
The teacher told us(that) nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.
老師告訴我們世上無難事只怕有心人.
She said (that) her father is twenty-eight years older than her.她說她父親比她大二十八歲He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他說光傳播比聲音傳播快得多.
賓語從句(二)
由連線代詞或連線副詞引導的賓語從句.
引出名詞性從句的連詞whether和if,在引出賓語從句時,用法和意義相同.但是隻能引出賓語從句和不在句首的主語從句,而whether除了引出賓語從句外,還可引出主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句.
例如:We don"t know whether (if) it is right. 我們不知道它是否正確.
he question is whether she should do that. 問題在於她是否應該做那件事.
Whether it is true remains a question. 是真是假還是個問題.
試比較:
當if從句處在主句之後作“是否”講時,引出的是賓語從句.例如:
I don"t know if it is true. 我不知道這事是否真實.
當if從句在主句之前作“如果”講,則引出狀語從句.例如:
I shall go there if I have time. 如果我有時間,我將到那兒去.
初中英語賓語從句小結
一、當由陳述句充當賓語從句時,用that引導,that無詞義,在口語或非正式文體中常省略.如:
He said that he could finish his work before supper.他說他會在晚飯前完成工作
二、當由一般疑問句充當賓語從句時,用if或whether引導,意為“是否”.如:
Alice wanted to know if/whether her grandmother liked the bag.愛麗斯想知道她祖母是否喜歡這個包. I don"t know whether he"ll come the day after tomorrow.我不知道他後天是否會來
但直接與or not連用時,往往用whether(if…or not也可以使用).如:
Let me know whether / if he will come or not.(= Let me know whether or not he will come )讓我知道他是否能來.
I don"t know whether / if he does any washing or not.(= I don"t know whether or not he does any washing. )我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服.
I wonder whether we stay or whether we go.我想知道我們是去還是留.
三、如果賓語從句原來是特殊疑問句,只需用原來的疑問詞引導.如:
Could you tell me where we will have the meeting this afternoon?你能告訴我我們今天下午將在哪兒開會嗎?
I don"t know who bought the present for me. Is it Jack?我不知道誰給我買了禮物.是傑克嗎?