# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

#建立一個空類

class Person():

pass

someone =Person()

#加入初始化方法

class Person():

def __init__(self):#第一個引數必須為self

pass

#為初始化方法新增額外引數

class Person():

def __init__(self,name):#初始化時需要加入引數

self.name = name

#在函式內部，用self.name可以訪問name屬性，在外部就需要用透過例項化的物件名來訪問，如hunter.name

hunter = Person("Elner Fudd")

#step1:檢視Person類的定義

#step2:在記憶體中例項化（建立）一個新的物件

#step3:引數傳入

#step4:name的值傳送給物件

#step5:返回新的物件

#step6:將物件與hunter關聯起來

print hunter.name

#類的繼承

class Car():

def exclaim(self):#self的意義，之後再寫

print("i am a car")

class Yugo(Car):

pass

#Yugo是Car的子類，繼承Car的方法和功能

c = Car()

y = Yugo()

c.exclaim()

y.exclaim()

#覆蓋原方法

class Car():

def __init__(self,name):

self.name = name

def exclaim(self):

print("i am " + self.name)

class Yogu():

def __init__(self,name):

self.name = name + "!"

def exclaim(self):

print("i am " + self.name)

class Motor():

def __init__(self,name):

self.name = name + "?"

def exclaim(self):

print("i am " + self.name)

c = Car("Tom")

y = Yogu("Jerry")

m = Motor("Adams")

print(c.name)

print(y.name)

print(m.name)

c.exclaim()

y.exclaim()

m.exclaim()

#為 子類 新增新方法

class Car():

def __init__(self,name):

self.name = name

class Yugo(Car):

def __init__(self,name):

self.name = name + "!"

def need_a_push(self,who):

print ("i need a push from" + who)

y = Yugo("Daddy")

print(y.name)

y.need_a_push("Tom")

#子類的方法，父類無法訪問

#c = Car("name")

#c.need_a_push("Tom")

#"""Traceback (most recent call last):

# File "/tmp/963057337/main.py", line 89, in <module>

# c.need_a_push("Tom")

#AttributeError: Car instance has no attribute "need_a_push""""

#使用super()從父輩哪兒獲得幫助

class Parent():

def __init__(self,name):

self.name = name

def exclaim(self):

print (self.name)

class Kid(Parent):

def __init__(self,name,gender):

# super().__init__(name)#將self自動傳遞給父類，因此只用傳遞其餘引數

self.name = name

self.gender = gender

def exclaim(self,who):

super().exclaim()

#同理，因為父類的exclaim方法只有self引數，所以不需要再傳入引數

#但是要保證self.name屬性存在

#相當於 def exclaim(self):

# print(self.name)

print("i am " + who)

k = Kid("Alice","Famale")

print(k.gender)

k.exclaim("admas")

**子類繼承父類方法的幾種形式

class A:

def method(self, arg):

return

class B(A):

def method(self, arg):

# A.method(self,arg) #1

# super(B, self).method(arg) #2

# super().method(arg) #3

#python3 使用方法3取代了較複雜的方法2

舉例來說：

class A():

def __init__(self,name,age):

self.name =name

self.age = age

def get_name(self):

print(self.name)

def get_age(self):

print(self.age)

class B(A):

def __init__(self,name,age):

A.__init__(self,name,age) #1

def get_name(self):

super(B,self).get_name() #2

def get_age(self):

super().get_age()

b = B("Alice",55)

print(b.name)

print(b.age)

b.get_name()

b.get_age()