用法8:(表時間、距離、數量等)達,計。如:
I’m going away for a few days. 我要走開幾天。
I’ve been here for ten years. 我來這兒有10年了。
He walked for ten miles. 他走了10英里路。
The shop sent me a bill for $50. 商店給我送來了一張50美元的賬單。
【用法說明】for 用於表示時間或距離的長度(尤其是緊跟在動詞之後)時,有時可省略。如:
The meeting lasted (for) three days. 會議持續了3天。
They walked (for) fifty miles. 他們走了50英里。
但是當 for 短語位於句首或在否定句中時, for 通常不宜省去。如:
For ten years he lived here. 他在這裡住過10年。
We have not heard from him for a long time. 我們很久沒收到他的來信了。
用法9:對,對於。如:
Eggs are good for you. 雞蛋對你有好處。
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. 躺在床上看書對你的眼睛不好。
Fortunately for me, the train was also late. 我很走運,火車也晚點了。
【用法說明】關於 for 與 to 表示“對……來說”時的區別,參見 to。
用法10:(表適合)適於,適合。如:
Do you have any books for children? 你有適合小孩子看的書嗎?
He is the very person for the work. 他是最適合做這工作的人。
It’s a good place for a camp. 那是個露營的好地方。
She bought some clothes for winter. 她買了些冬天穿的衣服。
用法11:(表交換)換,以……作交換。如:
He gave her some magazines for her dictionary. 他用幾本雜誌換她的字典。
She bought the skirt for $50. 她花了50美元買這條裙子。
I bought a pound of apples for 70 cents. 我花了七角錢買了一磅蘋果。
Don’t translate word for word. 不要逐字硬譯。
用法12:作為,當作。如:
Don’t take him for a fool. 別把他當傻瓜。
He mistook a rope for a snake. 他把一條繩子誤認為是蛇。
He knew that for a fact. 他知道那是事實。
The missing persons were given up for dead. 大家都認為那些失蹤的人已死了。
【用法說明】用於此義時,有時相當於 as, to be, as being,但要注意不同句型的搭配習慣。如:
I took him for an honest man. / I took him to be honest. 我看他為人老實。
It was built for [as] a pleasure boat. 這船建作遊艇之用。
比較:
He took her smile for agreement. 他把她的微笑視為同意。
Will you take me as your partner? 你把我看作你的合夥人好嗎?
按傳統語法,take…for… 通常指誤認為是……,而 take…as [to be] 則主要指正確地認為是……。但在現代英語中,有時並未完全遵守此規則。
但是與 mistake 連用的則通常是 for 而不是 as。如:
We mistook the house for a hotel. 我們把那房子誤以為旅館。
用法13:(表支援、贊成)支援,贊成。如:
Are you for or against the plan?你是支援還是反對這個計劃?
I’m all for the young enjoying themselves. 我完全贊成年輕人多玩玩。
用法14:(表基準)就……來說,以……而言,作為。如:
He’s done well for a beginner. 作為新手,他乾得很好。
He is heavy for a small boy. 作為一個小男孩而言,他的身體算重的了。
She was short for her age. 就她的年齡來說,個子是矮了點。
The day is cool for July. 在7月裡這樣的日子算是涼快的了。
用法15:(表比例)每……就……。如:
Plant three trees for every one that is cut down. 每砍一棵樹要種三棵樹。
He has one enemy for a hundred friends. 他的敵人與朋友之比為一比一百。
For every five who passed, there were two who failed. 每5個人及格,就有2個不及格。
For every mistake you make, you’ll lose half a mark. 你每犯一個錯誤,就要扣去半分。
【用法說明】用於此義時,通常與 each, every 或數詞連用。
用法16:代表,代替,代理。如:
What’s the English for “中國”? 英語裡“中國”怎麼說?
What’s the “C” for in “BBC”? BBC中的C代表什麼?
Red is for danger. 紅色代表危險。
Let me do it for you. 讓我替你做吧。
The lawyer acted for him during the trial. 在審案期間由律師代表他行事。
用法17:(表安排的時間)在,於。如:
The appointment is for 10:30. 約會定在十點半。
We’ve booked our holiday for the second week in July. 我們的假期安排在七月份的第二個星期。
The next meeting was arranged for the tenth of May. 下次會議已定於5月10日舉行。
【用法說明】用於此義時,for 主要指安排或約定的時間,所以像下面兩例中的介詞 at,in 就不能換成 for。如:
He gets up at six every day. 他每天6點鐘起床。
He was born in September, 1988. 他出生於1988年9月。
用法18:(表讓步)儘管,雖然。如:
For all his money, he’s a very lonely man. 他雖然富有,可是非常寂寞。
For all his efforts, he didn’t succeed. 儘管他做了很多努力,卻仍然沒有成功。
I love you, for all your shortcomings. 儘管你有很多缺點,但我仍然愛你。
【用法說明】用於此義時,通常與 all 連用。(見上例)
用法19:(與不定式連用引出邏輯上的主語)。如:
It is for you to decide. 該由你來決定。
All I want is for us to be together. 我希望的只是我們能在一起。
Is there any need for me to go? 我有沒有必要去?
He spoke too fast for her to follow. 他說得太快,她跟不上。
It is a great pity for him to leave here so soon. 他這麼快就離開這裡真是遺憾。
It is dangerous for a small child to cross the road alone. 小孩子自己過馬路很危險。
For a bridge to collapse like that is unbelievable. 一座橋像那樣倒塌是不可想像的。
【用法說明】(1) 下面兩句同義,但以第一句為普通。如:
老人快跑是危險的。
正:It is dangerous for an old man to run fast.
正:For an old man to run fast is dangerous.
(2) 有時可表目的。如:
I’ve sent my coat away for it to be cleaned. 我把外衣送去洗了。
For sales to increase, we must lower our prices. 為了增加銷量,我們必須降低價格。
(3) 有時用於 than 後引出不定式的邏輯主語。如:
There’s nothing worse than for a person to ill-treat a child. 沒有什麼比虐待小孩更惡劣的了。
用法8:(表時間、距離、數量等)達,計。如:
I’m going away for a few days. 我要走開幾天。
I’ve been here for ten years. 我來這兒有10年了。
He walked for ten miles. 他走了10英里路。
The shop sent me a bill for $50. 商店給我送來了一張50美元的賬單。
【用法說明】for 用於表示時間或距離的長度(尤其是緊跟在動詞之後)時,有時可省略。如:
The meeting lasted (for) three days. 會議持續了3天。
They walked (for) fifty miles. 他們走了50英里。
但是當 for 短語位於句首或在否定句中時, for 通常不宜省去。如:
For ten years he lived here. 他在這裡住過10年。
We have not heard from him for a long time. 我們很久沒收到他的來信了。
用法9:對,對於。如:
Eggs are good for you. 雞蛋對你有好處。
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. 躺在床上看書對你的眼睛不好。
Fortunately for me, the train was also late. 我很走運,火車也晚點了。
【用法說明】關於 for 與 to 表示“對……來說”時的區別,參見 to。
用法10:(表適合)適於,適合。如:
Do you have any books for children? 你有適合小孩子看的書嗎?
He is the very person for the work. 他是最適合做這工作的人。
It’s a good place for a camp. 那是個露營的好地方。
She bought some clothes for winter. 她買了些冬天穿的衣服。
用法11:(表交換)換,以……作交換。如:
He gave her some magazines for her dictionary. 他用幾本雜誌換她的字典。
She bought the skirt for $50. 她花了50美元買這條裙子。
I bought a pound of apples for 70 cents. 我花了七角錢買了一磅蘋果。
Don’t translate word for word. 不要逐字硬譯。
用法12:作為,當作。如:
Don’t take him for a fool. 別把他當傻瓜。
He mistook a rope for a snake. 他把一條繩子誤認為是蛇。
He knew that for a fact. 他知道那是事實。
The missing persons were given up for dead. 大家都認為那些失蹤的人已死了。
【用法說明】用於此義時,有時相當於 as, to be, as being,但要注意不同句型的搭配習慣。如:
I took him for an honest man. / I took him to be honest. 我看他為人老實。
It was built for [as] a pleasure boat. 這船建作遊艇之用。
比較:
He took her smile for agreement. 他把她的微笑視為同意。
Will you take me as your partner? 你把我看作你的合夥人好嗎?
按傳統語法,take…for… 通常指誤認為是……,而 take…as [to be] 則主要指正確地認為是……。但在現代英語中,有時並未完全遵守此規則。
但是與 mistake 連用的則通常是 for 而不是 as。如:
We mistook the house for a hotel. 我們把那房子誤以為旅館。
用法13:(表支援、贊成)支援,贊成。如:
Are you for or against the plan?你是支援還是反對這個計劃?
I’m all for the young enjoying themselves. 我完全贊成年輕人多玩玩。
用法14:(表基準)就……來說,以……而言,作為。如:
He’s done well for a beginner. 作為新手,他乾得很好。
He is heavy for a small boy. 作為一個小男孩而言,他的身體算重的了。
She was short for her age. 就她的年齡來說,個子是矮了點。
The day is cool for July. 在7月裡這樣的日子算是涼快的了。
用法15:(表比例)每……就……。如:
Plant three trees for every one that is cut down. 每砍一棵樹要種三棵樹。
He has one enemy for a hundred friends. 他的敵人與朋友之比為一比一百。
For every five who passed, there were two who failed. 每5個人及格,就有2個不及格。
For every mistake you make, you’ll lose half a mark. 你每犯一個錯誤,就要扣去半分。
【用法說明】用於此義時,通常與 each, every 或數詞連用。
用法16:代表,代替,代理。如:
What’s the English for “中國”? 英語裡“中國”怎麼說?
What’s the “C” for in “BBC”? BBC中的C代表什麼?
Red is for danger. 紅色代表危險。
Let me do it for you. 讓我替你做吧。
The lawyer acted for him during the trial. 在審案期間由律師代表他行事。
用法17:(表安排的時間)在,於。如:
The appointment is for 10:30. 約會定在十點半。
We’ve booked our holiday for the second week in July. 我們的假期安排在七月份的第二個星期。
The next meeting was arranged for the tenth of May. 下次會議已定於5月10日舉行。
【用法說明】用於此義時,for 主要指安排或約定的時間,所以像下面兩例中的介詞 at,in 就不能換成 for。如:
He gets up at six every day. 他每天6點鐘起床。
He was born in September, 1988. 他出生於1988年9月。
用法18:(表讓步)儘管,雖然。如:
For all his money, he’s a very lonely man. 他雖然富有,可是非常寂寞。
For all his efforts, he didn’t succeed. 儘管他做了很多努力,卻仍然沒有成功。
I love you, for all your shortcomings. 儘管你有很多缺點,但我仍然愛你。
【用法說明】用於此義時,通常與 all 連用。(見上例)
用法19:(與不定式連用引出邏輯上的主語)。如:
It is for you to decide. 該由你來決定。
All I want is for us to be together. 我希望的只是我們能在一起。
Is there any need for me to go? 我有沒有必要去?
He spoke too fast for her to follow. 他說得太快,她跟不上。
It is a great pity for him to leave here so soon. 他這麼快就離開這裡真是遺憾。
It is dangerous for a small child to cross the road alone. 小孩子自己過馬路很危險。
For a bridge to collapse like that is unbelievable. 一座橋像那樣倒塌是不可想像的。
【用法說明】(1) 下面兩句同義,但以第一句為普通。如:
老人快跑是危險的。
正:It is dangerous for an old man to run fast.
正:For an old man to run fast is dangerous.
(2) 有時可表目的。如:
I’ve sent my coat away for it to be cleaned. 我把外衣送去洗了。
For sales to increase, we must lower our prices. 為了增加銷量,我們必須降低價格。
(3) 有時用於 than 後引出不定式的邏輯主語。如:
There’s nothing worse than for a person to ill-treat a child. 沒有什麼比虐待小孩更惡劣的了。