說實話，多查查詞典，多理解理解，例子中的代詞並不相似。比如all指代全體，而both是兩者；none和neither可以看作前兩著的否定，即“全不”和“兩者都不”。

你舉例的這幾組，本身很好區分呀！all 三者及以上都，both二者都;none 三者及以上無一人或一物，neither 二者中任一不;any三者及以上任何， either二者之一或……。告訴你個最直接的區分方法:查英文詞典，看英文解釋，你立刻就明白了！

both表都,一起的意思,一般用法是both....and...表2者之間

all表所有,都,一起,與both不同的是,這個是表2者以上的時候用

neither和none做代詞用時,最大的區別就是：

neither指“兩者之間任意一個都不...”,為完全否定.

且其做主語時,謂語動詞一般只能用單數形式.

如：Neither of the flowers looks beautiful. none指“三者或以上之間任意一個都不...”,也是完全否定.

其做主語時,謂語動詞多用單數形式,但是也可以用複數形式.

any和either都有任意一個的意思any多指3個或3個以上，either多指兩者之一。這幾個多用幾次就熟悉了，的確從初中用到大學都有用。

首先，題主的問題所舉的例子並不經典。他們並不是意思非常相近的代詞，只能說是用法相近的詞。

下面我們詳細說一下它們的區別和基本用法：

- both/ neither/ either 都是使用在兩件物品的時候. - all/none/any 都是使用在兩件物品以上或者即使只有兩件物品但你不在意它的數量的時候。- 多件物品以上的，還有 most，no，some，every，many ...基本用法

1. 後面連線一個名詞的，如 both books（這兩本書都...）, neither book (兩本書都不...)，all books(所有書都)， any books(任何書都不)，every book(每本書)，some books(一些書)，most books(大部分書).

Both restaurants are very good. = these two resturants are very good. 但是區別在於both只有兩個選擇，並且兩個選擇一樣，而two...則可能只是從多個裡面抽取了其中兩個來說明一樣。

Neither restaurant is expensive. /兩個餐廳都不貴。此情景中談到的也只有這兩個餐廳。

We can go to either restaurant. (either = one or the other) /我可以去兩家的其中一家餐廳，二選一無所謂。

All cars have wheels. / 所有車都有輪子。

I"m at home most days./ 大部分日子我都在家。

Many people drive too fast. / 許多人開車太快。

No cars. / 禁止汽車

Some cars can go faster than others. / 一些車比其他的跑得快。

Most tourists don"t visit this part of the town.

注意：你不能說 "all of cars", "most of people","some of people"，也不說"the most people"。

2. Both of... / neither of... / either of... / none of... / most of ...

當你使用 both/ neither/ either / none / half / most / some + of 的時候， 你通常需要加上 the... / these/ those... / my/ your/ his/Tom"s...等代詞，而不能直接使用 “both of restaurants”， 必須使用 “both of the restaurants”,“both of those restaurants”。

Both of these restaurants are very good.

Neither of the restaurants we went to was (or were) expensive.I haven"t been to either of those restaurants. (= I haven"t been to one or the other) Some of the people, some of those people ( × "some of people")

None of this money, none of their money (× "none of money")

Some of the people I work with are very friendly.None of this money is mine.Have you read any of these books?I wasn"t well yesterday. I spent most of the day in bed.most of my friends, most of Ann"s friends ( × "most of friends")

注意：all 和 half 在這種情形下，可省略"of":

All my friends live in London = All of my friends...Half this money is mine = Half of this money.

對比名詞前有無代詞的區別：

All flowers are beautiful. 所有花都是漂亮的，指普遍的所有花。

All (of) the flowers in this garden are beautiful. 花園裡所有的花都是漂亮的，指特定的花群。

3. 你也可以使用 both of / neither of / either of/ all of / some of / none of + us/you/them:

(talking to two people) Can either of you speak Spanish?

I asked two people the way to the station but neither of them knew. "How many of these people do you know? "None of them." / "A few of them."Do any of you want to come to a party tonight?"Do you like this music? "Some of it. Not all of it."

注意：在us/ you/ them前面必須使用 both of/ all of/ half of，of 不能省略：

Both of us were very tired

all of us (not "all us") half of them (not "half them")

注意：在 neither of... 後面，可以用單數或複數形式：

Neither of the children wants (or want) to go to bed.

4. 你也可以單獨使用 both/ neither/ either/ some/ half/ most/ none/ all :

I liked both = I liked both of them. （都是）

"Is your friend British or American?" "Neither. She"s Australian."（都不是）"Do you want tea or coffee?" "Either. I don"t mind." （其中一個都可以）

Some cars have four doors and some have two.

Half (of) this money is mine, and half (of it) is yours, (not "the half)

A few of the shops were open but most (of them) were closed.

5. 你也可以說

Both... and...: Both Ann and Tom were late.

Neither... nor...: Neither Liz nor Robin came to the party.

Either... or...: I"m not sure where he"s from. He"s either Spanish or Italian.

你好，這些意思相近的詞屬於語法知識點。

學習語法知識點的時候，我們先看看老師是怎麼講解的，當然你也可以看書本講解或者影片講解。看看自己能不能理解，理解了之後，可以做一些相關的練習題，透過練習題去檢測自己的掌握情況。

然後在用這些代詞去造句，學會應用這些代詞，當然最好找老師幫你檢查一下，你的這些句子是否正確。