Any of the golden statuettes awarded annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for achievement in movies.
奧斯卡獎(The Oscar)全稱“電影藝術與科學學院獎”(The Academy Awards)。美國電影藝術與科學學院獎。
Oscar Awards
Current Awards
Some awards are for a film as a whole, some are for an aspect of a film.
Best Picture – 1928 to present
Best Leading Actor – 1928 to present
Best Leading Actress – 1928 to present
Best Supporting Actor – 1936 to present
Best Supporting Actress – 1936 to present
Best Animated Feature – 2001 to present
Best Art Direction – 1928 to present (also called Interior or Set Decoration)
Best Cinematography – 1928 to present
Best Costume Design – 1948 to present
Best Director – 1928 to present
Best Documentary Feature
Best Documentary Short Subject
Best Film Editing – 1935 to present
Best Foreign Language Film – 1947 to present
Best Makeup – 1981 to present
Best Original Song – 1934 to present
Best Original Score – 1934 to present
Best Animated Short Film – 1931 to present
Best Live Action Short Film – 1931 to present
Best Sound Mixing – 1930 to present
Best Sound Editing – 1963 to present
Best Visual Effects – 1939 to present
Best Adapted Screenplay – 1928 to present
Best Original Screenplay – 1940 to present
Retired Awards
Best Assistant Director – 1933 to 1937
Best Dance Direction – 1935 to 1937, 1962
Best Engineering Effects – 1928 only
Best Score -- Adaptation or Treatment
Best Original Musical or Comedy Score
Best Short Film - Color – 1936 and 1937
Best Short Film - Live Action - 2 Reels – 1936 to 1956
Best Short Film - Novelty – 1932 to 1935
Best Original Story – 1928 to 1956
Best Unique and Artistic Quality of Production – 1928 only
In the first year of the awards, the Best Director category was split into separate Drama and Comedy categories. At times, the Best Original Score category has been split into separate Drama and Comedy/Musical categories. Today, the Best Original Score category is one category. From the 1930s through the 1960s, the Cinematography, Art Direction, and Costume Design awards were split into separate categories for black and white and color films.
Special Awards
These awards are voted on by special committees, rather than by the Academy membership as a whole.
Current Awards
Academy Honorary Award – 1928 to present
Academy Special Achievement Award
Academy Award, Scientific or Technical – 1931 to present at three levels
The Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award – 1938 to present
Oscar
Any of the golden statuettes awarded annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for achievement in movies.
奧斯卡獎(The Oscar)全稱“電影藝術與科學學院獎”(The Academy Awards)。美國電影藝術與科學學院獎。
Oscar Awards
Current Awards
Some awards are for a film as a whole, some are for an aspect of a film.
Best Picture – 1928 to present
Best Leading Actor – 1928 to present
Best Leading Actress – 1928 to present
Best Supporting Actor – 1936 to present
Best Supporting Actress – 1936 to present
Best Animated Feature – 2001 to present
Best Art Direction – 1928 to present (also called Interior or Set Decoration)
Best Cinematography – 1928 to present
Best Costume Design – 1948 to present
Best Director – 1928 to present
Best Documentary Feature
Best Documentary Short Subject
Best Film Editing – 1935 to present
Best Foreign Language Film – 1947 to present
Best Makeup – 1981 to present
Best Original Song – 1934 to present
Best Original Score – 1934 to present
Best Animated Short Film – 1931 to present
Best Live Action Short Film – 1931 to present
Best Sound Mixing – 1930 to present
Best Sound Editing – 1963 to present
Best Visual Effects – 1939 to present
Best Adapted Screenplay – 1928 to present
Best Original Screenplay – 1940 to present
Retired Awards
Best Assistant Director – 1933 to 1937
Best Dance Direction – 1935 to 1937, 1962
Best Engineering Effects – 1928 only
Best Score -- Adaptation or Treatment
Best Original Musical or Comedy Score
Best Short Film - Color – 1936 and 1937
Best Short Film - Live Action - 2 Reels – 1936 to 1956
Best Short Film - Novelty – 1932 to 1935
Best Original Story – 1928 to 1956
Best Unique and Artistic Quality of Production – 1928 only
In the first year of the awards, the Best Director category was split into separate Drama and Comedy categories. At times, the Best Original Score category has been split into separate Drama and Comedy/Musical categories. Today, the Best Original Score category is one category. From the 1930s through the 1960s, the Cinematography, Art Direction, and Costume Design awards were split into separate categories for black and white and color films.
Special Awards
These awards are voted on by special committees, rather than by the Academy membership as a whole.
Current Awards
Academy Honorary Award – 1928 to present
Academy Special Achievement Award
Academy Award, Scientific or Technical – 1931 to present at three levels
The Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award – 1938 to present
The Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award
Gordon E. Sawyer Award
Retired Awards
Academy Juvenile Award – 1934 to 1954
奧斯卡獎項(the Award Category)
入圍者 the Entrants
提名 Nomination
提名者 the Nominees
最佳影片 Best Motion Picture
最佳導演 Best Director
最佳男主角Best(Leading)Actor
最佳女主角Best(Leading)Actress
最佳男配角Best Supporting Actor
最佳女配角Best Supporting Actress
最佳外語片Best Foreign Film
最佳藝術指導Best Arts/Set Direction
最佳攝影Best Cinematography
最佳服裝設計Best Costume Design
最佳視覺特效Best Visual Effects
最佳改編劇本Best Adapted Screenplay
最佳剪接Best Film Editing
最佳音效Best Sound
最佳音效剪接Best Sound Editing
最佳化妝Best Make-up
最佳動畫短片Best Animated Short Subject
最佳紀錄長片Best Documentary Feature
最佳紀錄短片Best Documentary Short Feature
最佳劇情短片Best Live Action Short Film
對於那些事業有成的電影人士還會授予特殊獎或榮譽獎 Special/Honorary Awards。
奧斯卡金像獎獎項簡介
最佳影片獎(BEST FILM AWARD)
該獎從第1屆起到57屆為止,一直未有變動,只是提名影片的數目有多有少。最多的是第7屆,被提名的影片一共有12部。第5至第16屆,提名片都在10部以上。此後每屆最佳影片都從5部提名影片中評出。
最佳表演獎(BEST PERFOMANCE AWARD)
該獎項分最佳男主角、女主角獎和最佳男配角、女配角獎4項。最佳表演獎最早只設有男、女主角獎兩項,從1936年第9屆起才設有男、女配角獎。
最佳導演獎(BEST DIRECTOR AWARD)
該獎由美國導演公會的全體會員提名,由電影藝術與科學學院的導演部門現任會員最後投票選舉。
最佳劇本獎(BEST SCREENPLAY AWARD)
該獎項又分為創作劇本獎與改編劇本獎兩項,它們的提名與最後投票選舉均與最佳導演獎相同。經歷幾次變動之後,從1957年度起,劇本獎改為“最佳創作劇本”獎和“最佳改編劇本”獎。
最佳攝影獎(BEST CINEAMATOGAPHY AWARD)
該獎項50多年來並無多大的變動,在1938年度第11屆之前,僅設一項攝影獎。從1939年到1956年,分為黑白與彩色兩項。到1957年兩者合併為一項攝影獎。次年又分為黑白和彩色兩項。到1967年,由於黑白片產量巨減,上述分類逐漸被取消。從那時起,攝影獎只設一項。
最佳音響獎(BEST SOUND AWARD)
該獎項從第1屆至第30屆期間,一律稱為錄音獎。自1958年第30屆起,改為音響獎。
最佳音樂獎(BEST SCORE AWARD)
由於美國的公眾崇尚歌舞,在奧斯卡的各獎項中是比較突出的。
該獎項又分為最佳作曲、最佳配樂、最佳歌曲等3項。其中歌曲分項從1934年設立以來,一直未變。它授予的物件是為大型故事片創作的一首主題歌,包括詞與配曲。
最佳美工獎(BEST ART DIRECTION-SET DECORATION AWARD)
最佳美工獎全稱最佳藝術指導——佈景裝置獎,所謂藝術指導,是指影片的佈景、道具等設計。該獎一度有黑白彩色之分,但1967年起兩獎合併,僅設一項。
最佳視覺效果獎(BEST VISUAL EFFECTS AWARD)
該獎項授予利用機械、電子技術、光學處理與動畫等製造視覺效果上有突出成績者。該獎項始於1939年,從1963年起,它分為視覺效果獎和音響效果獎。音響效果獎到1968年時才被廢除,從而只剩下視覺效果獎一項。
最佳服裝設計獎(BEST COSTUME DESIGN AWARD)
該獎項由具有藝術指導部門會員資格的服裝設計師進行預選、提名與最後投票。
服裝設計獎從1948年設立以來,基本上沒有多大的變化。只是在1957年之前有黑白與彩色之分。後來幾經分合,自1967年起合併為服裝設計獎一項。
最佳剪輯獎(BEST EDITING AWARD)
該獎項從1934年設立以來,一直沒有變動。其評選方法與攝影獎相同。從第52屆起,又出現最佳音響剪輯獎和最佳音響效果剪輯獎。
最佳化妝獎(BEST MAKE-UP AWARD)
該獎項從第54屆開始設定。
最佳外語片獎(BEST FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM AWARD)
該獎項授予非英語國家制作的大型有聲故事片。但一個國家只能提名一部。評選提名作品用秘密投票方式進行,每屆提名5部,被提名者可派一名代表參加頒獎儀式。英語國家的影片均不許參加該項評選。
最佳短片獎(BEST SHORT SUBJECTS AWARD)
該獎項授予的是指長度不到3千英尺的35MM影片。現分動畫短片和真人真事短片兩項。
最佳記錄片獎(BEST DOCUMENTARY AWARD)
該獎項分為長記錄片獎和短記錄片獎兩項。前者授予長度超過3千英尺的35mm,16mm或70mm記錄片;後者授予長度不到3千英尺的35mm,16mm或70mm記錄片。按照規定,這三種長、短記錄片必須反映文化、藝術、歷史、社會、科學、經濟或其他領域內的重大題材,而且拍真人真事。
該獎項是由記錄片獎評審委員會在審查了所有參賽影片後,評選出3-5部長、短記錄片作為最後的提名影片。
榮譽獎(HONORARY AWARD)
榮譽獎是所有特別獎中比較重要的一項。它的前身是特別獎,創於第1屆。從1950年開始,易名為榮譽獎。
該獎授予在電影製作方面有傑出貢獻或長期為電影藝術與科學學院進行卓有成效活動的個體或團體。
歐文*撒爾伯格紀念獎(IRVING G*THALBERG MEMORIAL AWARD)
歐文*撒爾伯格(1899~1936)好萊塢著名製片人,曾監製不少名片。37歲去世,學院特地設立以他的名字命名的紀念獎。該獎項從1937年設立以來,一直沒有變動。他由學院理事會決定,授予“一貫從事電影製作併發揮高度才能”的製片人。規定每屆只有一名獲獎人,而且只有完全夠條件才能獲選。曾有幾屆因沒有合適人選而空缺。
瓊*赫肖爾特人道主義獎(JEAN HERSHOLT HUMANITARIAN AWARD)
瓊*赫肖爾特(1886~1956),學院創始人之一,曾任第11屆院長,為使學院擺脫困境曾做出巨大的努力。為了紀念他特設此獎,此獎項從1956年創設以來,一直沒有變動。它由學院理事會決定,授予“為給電影事業帶來信譽而做出人道主義努力的電影事業人士”,規定每屆只有一名獲獎者,而且只有完全夠條件者才能評上,曾有幾屆因為沒有合適的人選而空缺。
特別成就獎(SPECIAL ACHIEVEMENT AWARD)
該獎項設立於1972年。那時,科幻片、災難片、動作片日益增多,為了表彰他們在視覺效果和音響方面的革新成就而特設此獎。起先僅視覺效果成就獎一項,後來又增設音響成就獎。但每屆不一定兩者都評出,而且每一分項的獲得者也會有多名。
科技成果獎(SCIENTIFIC OR TECHNICAL AWARD)
該獎項從1930--1931年第四屆創設以來,一直沒有變動。它授予的物件包括對電影藝術與電影科技有特別價值,並在電影產業中採用先進的工藝、公式、發明與發現的影片。該獎項又分為一、二、三等獎。
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