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1 # 往事隨風
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2 # 春春天通
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“but”一詞是中學英語中的一個重要詞彙,為了幫助同學們更好地複習,現將其常見用法歸納如下:
1. 作連詞,可以連線兩個並列成分或兩個並列分句,意為“但是,然而”。如:
He is young but very experienced.
他雖然年輕,但很有經驗。
Mary likes classical music, but her husband likes rock music.
瑪麗喜歡古典音樂,而她的丈夫卻喜歡搖滾樂。
注意:but不能與though/although連用。
2. 作介詞,常與nothing, nobody, who, all等連用,意為“除……之外”。如:
We had nothing to do but wait. 除了等待之外,我們一籌莫展。
No one but me saw him. 除了我之外,沒人看到他。
3. 作副詞,意思接近於only,意為“只不過”。如:
She is but a young girl. 她只不過是一個小女孩兒。
4. 需掌握的一些其他用法:
1)用於表示歉意的話語後,引起一個分句,but本身無意義。如:
I’m sorry, but I think you are wrong when you say she did it willingly.
抱歉,你說她情願做那件事,我覺得你搞錯了。
Excuse me, but are you Mr. Smith?
對不起,您是史密斯先生嗎?
2) 用在否定句後,引起一個分句,but意為“每當……總是……”。如:
It never rains but it pours.
不下則已,一下傾盆;事情總是接踵而至。
I never go past my old school but I think of Mr. Li.
每當我經過母校時,總會想起李老師。
3) but for(後常接名詞、代詞)或but that...意為“要不是……”,句子(主句)常用虛擬語氣。 如:
But for you, we couldn’t have carried out the plan.
要不是你,我們不可能完成那項計劃。
John would have helped us but that he was short of money at that time.
要不是約翰當時缺錢,他一定會幫助我們的。
4) not that...but (that)...不是……而是……
Not that I don’t want to go, but that I have no time.
不是我不想去,而是我沒時間。
5) all but 除了……都,幾乎,差不多
His letter is all but finished. 他的信快寫完了。
6) anything but 絕不,遠非
He is anything but an honest man. 他絕不是個誠實的人。
除以上談到的外,我們常見的but的慣用法還有:can not help but do 不能不,只能;not only...but also...不但……而且……,等等。
回覆列表
一、用作連詞
1. 用作等立連詞,使其前後的詞、短語、分句相互對照,作“但是,然而,可是”解。
例如:
She is young but very experienced.
她雖然年輕但經驗豐富。
2. 用於表示歉意的話語之後,表示謝絕或不贊成。
例如:
I"m sorry, but I disagree with you.
對不起,我不同意你的意見。
3. 用於兩個並列的分句之間,與前面的否定詞形成對比,作“無„„而不„„”解。
例如:
It never rains but it pours.
不雨則已,一雨傾盆。
I never go past that house but I think of my miserable life in the old society.
我走過那所房子時,
沒有一次不想起我在舊社會所過的悲慘生活。
二、用作介詞
1. 與 no ,nobody ,nothing ,none ,who 等詞連用,作“除„„之外”解,用來排除同類中的一分子,或從整體中除去一部分。
例如:
Nobody knew her but me.
除我以外,沒有人認識她。
Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.
這個計劃只能帶來災難,別無益處。
2. but 前面有do的某種形式時,but後面的動詞不定式要省略to ;其前沒有do的某種形式時,but後面的不定式要帶to。
例如:
We had no choice but to wait.
除了等待,我們別無選擇。
He did nothing all day long but watch TV。
一整天,他除了看電視,別無他事可做。
3. 與last ,next 及one ,two 等連用,作“倒數第二、第三”等解。
例如:
Jack was the last but one to arrive.
傑克是倒數第二個到達的。
三、用作副詞
1. 意思上相當於 only ,後面跟名詞或動詞。
例如:
Tom is but a child.
湯姆只是個孩子。
We can but try now.
我們現在只有嘗試一遍。
2. but 出現在too „to „結構前面時,不定式含肯定意義。
例如:
I"m but too glad to go there with you.
我非常高興和你一起去那裡。
四、含but 的習慣用語
1. but for =without ,意為“要不是;如果沒有”,意思上相當於一個虛擬條件句。
例如:
But for the rain (If it hadn"t rained), we would have had a pleasant journey.
要不是天下雨,我們這次旅行就愜意了。
But for your help, we couldn"t have carried out the plan.
如果沒有你的幫助,我們不可能實現那個計劃。
2. but that = except that ,意為“若非;要不是”,引導虛擬條件狀語從句。
例如:
He would have helped me but that he was short of money at that time.
要不是他那時候沒錢,他會幫助我的。
3. but then = on the other hand ,意為“不過;在另一方面”。
例如:
London is a noisy place, but then it"s also a place where you get the best entertainment.
倫敦是個鬧市,不過它也是能夠給你最好娛樂的地方。
4. nothing but = only ,意為“只;不過是”。
例如:
We could see nothing but water.
我們只能看見水。
5. not „but „意為“不是„„而是„„”,連線兩個並列的名詞、形容詞、副詞、短語或分句等。
例如:
My bag is not black but red.
我的書包不是黑色的而是紅色的。
He failed not because he isn"t clever but because he didn"t work hard.
他失敗了,不是因為他不
聰明而是因為他工作不努力。
6. no „but 意為“沒有„„不„„”;雖然,儘管。
例如:
No child but likes Old Li in our village.
沒有孩子不喜歡我們村裡的老李。
I can’t marry her, no but we love each other very much.
我不能娶她,儘管我們彼此非常相愛
7. not only „ but also „意為“不但„„而且„„;既„„又„„”,連線兩個並列成分。
例如:
Not only you but also she has to attend the meeting.
不但你而且她也得參加這次會議。
He not only teaches us English but also does other things for us.
他不但教我們英語,而且還為我們幹別的事情。
8. not that „but that „意為“不是因為„„而是因為„„”。
例如:
Not that the car is out of order, but that I"ve not learned to drive.
不是汽車出了故障,而是我還
沒有學會開車。
9. can"t help but do „意為“不能不„„;忍不住„„”。
例如:
I can"t help but cry.
我忍不住哭了。
10. all but 意為“除„„外全都,幾乎”。
例如:
All but mother in my family can speak English.
除母親外,我的一家人都會說英語。
His theory is all but correct.
他的理論幾乎是正確的。
11. anything but 意為“不見得,決不”。
例如:
He is anything but a good headmaster.
他不見得是個好校長。
This car is anything but beautiful.
這輛小汽車根本不漂亮。
12. but now 意為“剛剛,適才”。
例如:
I saw him in the office but now.
我剛剛看見他在辦公室。
I heard the commander talk about you but now.
適才聽得司令講到您。
13. can (or could) but 意為“只能,只好”。
例如:
His father can but know a few letters.
他的父親只能認幾個字母。
The old lady could but walk slowly with a stick.
那個老太太只能拄著柺杖慢慢地朝前走。
14. can (or could) not but 意為“不得不,忍不住”。
例如:
I could not but tell him about it.
我不得不告訴他這件事。
Seeing her husband"s funny face, she could not but laugh.
看見丈夫的滑稽面孔,她忍不住大笑起來。
15. cannot (or could not) choose but 意為“不得不,必須”。
例如:
They could not choose but obey.
他們除了服從外別無選擇。
16. cannot (or couldn’t) help but不能不, 不得不
I cannot help but be sorry.
我不能不感到遺憾。
17. never „but 意為“每當„„就„„”。
例如:
He never sees Miss Wang but he thinks of his friend, Xiao Ya.
每當見到王女士時,他就想起他的朋友小雅來。
Her brother never comes, but he asks her for money.
她兄弟來時,總是向她要錢。
18. next but one 意為“再下一個”。
例如:
They used to live in the next house but one to me.
他們住在我隔壁的隔壁。
19. no one but 意為“除了„„外,誰也不”。
例如:
No one but a madman would say such words.
除了瘋子,誰也不會說這樣的話。
20. not so „(no such a „) but (that) „意為“沒有到(不能„„)”。
例如:
His English is not so bad but he can make himself understood.
他的英語還不至於差到不能把己的意思講清楚的地步。
I"m not so foolish (not such a fool) but (that) I can see what he really meant.
我還沒有笨到聽不懂他話中的真正含義的地步。
21. first but one (two„) 順數第二(三„„)
In the brothers Mr. Kong was the first but one.
孔先生在弟兄中排行老二。
22. last but one (two„) 倒數第二(三„„)
We sat in the last row but four.
我們坐在倒數第五排。