假設: Ua=Um*sin(ωt+120°) Ia=Im*sin(ωt+120°-θ) 那麼, Pa =Ua*Ia =Um*Im*sin(ωt+120°)*sin(ωt+120°-θ) =1/2*Um*Im*[cosθ-cos(2ωt+240°-θ)] 同理: Pb =1/2*Um*Im*[cosθ-cos(2ωt-θ)] Pc =1/2*Um*Im*[cosθ-cos(2ωt-240°-θ)] P=Pa+Pb+Pc =3/2*Um*Im*cosθ-[cos(2ωt+240°-θ)+cos(2ωt-θ)+cos(2ωt-240°-θ)] =3/2*Um*Im*cosθ-[cos(2ωt-120°-θ)+cos(2ωt-θ)+cos(2ωt+120°-θ)] ∵cos(2ωt-120°-θ)+cos(2ωt+120°-θ) =2cos(2ωt-θ)*cos(-120°)=-cos(2ωt-θ) ∴P=3/2*Um*Im*cosθ 即:三相電機的輸出瞬時功率為恆定值。
假設: Ua=Um*sin(ωt+120°) Ia=Im*sin(ωt+120°-θ) 那麼, Pa =Ua*Ia =Um*Im*sin(ωt+120°)*sin(ωt+120°-θ) =1/2*Um*Im*[cosθ-cos(2ωt+240°-θ)] 同理: Pb =1/2*Um*Im*[cosθ-cos(2ωt-θ)] Pc =1/2*Um*Im*[cosθ-cos(2ωt-240°-θ)] P=Pa+Pb+Pc =3/2*Um*Im*cosθ-[cos(2ωt+240°-θ)+cos(2ωt-θ)+cos(2ωt-240°-θ)] =3/2*Um*Im*cosθ-[cos(2ωt-120°-θ)+cos(2ωt-θ)+cos(2ωt+120°-θ)] ∵cos(2ωt-120°-θ)+cos(2ωt+120°-θ) =2cos(2ωt-θ)*cos(-120°)=-cos(2ωt-θ) ∴P=3/2*Um*Im*cosθ 即:三相電機的輸出瞬時功率為恆定值。
注:這是三相電機與單相電機相比的一個重要優勢,由於三相電機的輸出瞬時功率為恆定值,因此,轉矩無脈動!