1. 句首為否定或半否定的詞語,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。例如:
1) Never have I seen such a performance. 我從來沒看過這樣的表演。
2) Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 你在哪兒都不會找到這個問題的答案。
3) Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 媽媽直到孩子睡著才離開房間。
注意:當Not until引出主從複合句,主句倒裝,從句不倒裝。
注意: 如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。例如:
1) I have never seen such a performance.我從來沒看過這樣的表演。
2) The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.媽媽直到孩子睡著才離開房間。
2. 帶有否定意義的詞放在句首,語序需要部分倒裝。常見的詞語有: not , never , seldom , scarcely , barely , little , at no time , not only , not once , under on condition , hardly … when , no sooner …than …等。例如:
1) Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他不僅拒收了禮品,還狠狠批評了送禮的人。
2) Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她剛要出門時有個學生來找她。
3) No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 她剛要走時一個學生來看她。
不完全倒裝
一 全部倒裝
全部倒裝是指將句子中的謂語動詞全部置於主語之前。此結構通常只用與一般現在時和一般過去時。常見的結構有:
1. here, there, now, then, thus等副詞置於句首, 謂語動詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。例如:
1) There goes the bell. 鈴聲漸漸消失了。
2) Then came the chairman. 然後主席就來了
3) Here is your letter. 這是你的信。
2. 表示運動方向的副詞或地點狀語置於句首,謂語表示運動的動詞。例如:
1) Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轟炸機下面發出了一顆導彈。
2) Ahead sat an old woman.
注意:上述全部倒裝的句型結構的主語必須是名詞,如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。例如:
1) Here he comes. 他來了。
2) Away they went. 他們走了。
二 部分倒裝
部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞或情態倒裝至主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態動詞,則需新增助動詞do, does或did,並將其置於主語之前。
1. 句首為否定或半否定的詞語,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。例如:
1) Never have I seen such a performance. 我從來沒看過這樣的表演。
2) Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 你在哪兒都不會找到這個問題的答案。
3) Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 媽媽直到孩子睡著才離開房間。
注意:當Not until引出主從複合句,主句倒裝,從句不倒裝。
注意: 如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。例如:
1) I have never seen such a performance.我從來沒看過這樣的表演。
2) The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.媽媽直到孩子睡著才離開房間。
2. 帶有否定意義的詞放在句首,語序需要部分倒裝。常見的詞語有: not , never , seldom , scarcely , barely , little , at no time , not only , not once , under on condition , hardly … when , no sooner …than …等。例如:
1) Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他不僅拒收了禮品,還狠狠批評了送禮的人。
2) Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她剛要出門時有個學生來找她。
3) No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 她剛要走時一個學生來看她。