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  • 1 # 吳晨麗

    如何成為一名優秀的大學教師

    我近期在美國馬里蘭大學教學最佳化中心網站上看到了他們教務長AnnWylie 給教師們提出的《如何成為一名優秀教師》二十多條建議。我讀後覺得寫得很實用,在這裡摘錄給大家並配上自己的翻譯,重新排版後與大家分享,希望對大家的教學工作有所幫助。翻譯不到之處還請大家直接閱讀原文以獲得最佳效果。

    In providing these useful tips, Provost Wylie has built on the valuablerecommendations handed down by several provosts before her.

    Wylie 教務長在前幾任教務長傳承下來的寶貴建議的基礎上,提出這些有用的技巧,與大家分享。

    main Message: Being a good teacher is not hard. All you need to do is: take your job seriously,prepare before you go to class, make yourself available to students, and treat the studentswith respect. Being a great teacher takes a lot more. 主要內容:成為一名好老師並不難,你需要做的就是:認真對待你的工作,備課,讓學生能夠找到你,並且尊重學生。而成為一名優秀教師則要做到更多。

    Specific Recommendations 特別建議

    Beginning of the Semester 在開學初

    0. Hand out a course syllabus at the first class, andfollow it. 第一節課時就下發課程大綱並按大綱進行授課。

    1. Let the students know what is expected of them(the material they will learn, the homework, exams,lab reports, etc.) 讓學生知道他們要完成什麼內容(將要學習的材料、作業、考試、實驗報告等)。

    2. At your first class, state clearly the method bywhich grades will be determined. Do not changethis method later in the semester. 第一節課時,清楚地表明成績的評定方法,並且這學期都不能再做修改。

    3. Specify important dates (exams, project due dates)at the first class. Be considerate of students"constraints (e.g., religious holidays). 第一節課時就列出重要日期(考試、報告的提交日期等),需要考慮到學生的一些不便(如宗教節日)。

    Every Class/Lab 每節課/實驗

    4. Come to class early, begin class on time, and endclass on time. Stay a few minutes at the end ofeach class to answer questions, address concerns,etc. 早些進入教室,按時上課、下課。每節課都留下幾分鐘時間答疑解惑等。

    5. Start each class with a brief review of what wascovered in the last class and what you expect tocover in this one. 講課前要簡要複習上節課的內容並簡述這節課將要學習的內容。

    6. Go over the material to be covered before eachclass/lab. Rehearse your presentation.

    Understand the material yourself before you try toteach it. 每節課前要認真複習準備的授課材料,進行講課演練。在授課前自己先要弄懂要講的內容。

    7. Treat every question as a good question, nomatter how bad you might think the question reallyis. 你要將每個問題都看作是一個很好的問題,不管你認為這個問題實際上有多糟糕。

    8. Make the material easier, not harder for yourstudents. Education is not a rite of passage – thegoal is knowledge transfer and intellectual growth.為學生準備的授課材料簡單一些。教育不是例行公事,其目標在於傳授知識和提升智慧。

    9. Make eye contact with your students as you teach– you will be able to tell whether they understandyou from the look on their faces. In a large class,restlessness usually means you need to try a newapproach to the material. 授課時,要與學生進行眼神/目光交流,透過觀察他們的表情你就能夠看出他們是否聽懂了。大班授課時,如果學生煩躁不安,那就說明你需要嘗試新的授課方式了。

    10. Use the same notation, terms, etc., as are used inthe textbook or reading assignments. Beconsistent. Refer to the textbook specifically. 使用與課本或閱讀材料中相同的符號、術語,保持一致,並標出所參考的課本。

    Homework and Exams 作業與考試

    11. Don"t assume that your class is the only one yourstudents are taking. 不要認為學生們只上你這一門課。

    12. Make sure your exams are well thought out, andallow all students to show how much they havelearned. Consider questions with multiple partsthat start easy and get harder. 確保考試是經過深思熟慮的,能夠讓所有學生展示出他們的所學。將試題分為由易到難的多個部分。

    13. Do not use problems from previous exams on yourexams. Take the time to write original questionsand problems. However, it is reasonable to repeatquestions used earlier in the semester on the finalexam. 不要用以前考試中的試題,要花時間出新試題。但是期末考試中出現學期中考試的題目是理所應當的。

    14. Be just in your grading. Students who do bettershould get better grades. 成績評定要公平合理。做的好的同學應該得到更高的成績。

    15. Return all homework, lab reports, and exams thevery next class. Make yourself available tostudents who want to discuss your grading of theirexam/assignment/lab report. If you make amistake grading an exam/assignment/lab report,correct your mistake. 下節課時就發回前一次課所有作業、實驗報告和試卷。當學生想和你探討他們考試/作業/實驗報告的成績時要能夠找到你。如果考試/作業/實驗報告分數有誤,那麼就改正過來。

    Other General Advice 其它常規建議

    16. Never turn a student away from your door, even ifthey come outside of stated office hours. 即使是在非答疑時間,也不要將學生拒之門外。

    17. Identify those students who are having troublewith your class/ lab early in the semester, andmeet with them individually to address theseproblems. Offer to give them extraproblems/assignments if appropriate. 學期初就要明確參加你的課程/實驗有困難的學生,並單獨與他們討論來解決這些問題。如果可以的話,告訴他們可以給他們佈置額外的作業。

    18. Get to know your students, but don"t encouragepersonal relationships with them. Remember thatyou are in a position of authority over them, andany personal overtures to them on your part couldbe misinterpreted. 要了解你的學生,但不主張與學生之間建立私人關係。記住你處於高於學生的權威性位置,任何從你個人角度提出的建議都可能被誤解。

    19. Remember everything your professors did thatyou didn"t like when you were an undergraduate,and don"t do those things. 記住當你還是一名大學生時你的老師所做的那些令你討厭的安排,不要重蹈覆轍。

    20. Take pride in how many students do well in yourcourse, not in how many do poorly. 以你的課堂有多少學生表現出色為驕傲,而非有幾個學生學習不好。

    21. Bring the best out of your students. Great teachersdo this well. 發掘出學生最優秀的一面。優秀教師這點做的很好。

    have fun! There is nothing more gratifying than being an effective teacher.

    享受教學!沒有比成為一名成效卓著的教師更令人滿足的了。

    ~Ann Wylie, Senior VP and Provost

    ~Ann Wylie 高階副校長兼教務長

  • 2 # 唐老師觀察

    這個問題,看似一個問,其實兩個問:怎麼成為大學老師+怎麼成為優秀的大學老師。暫且不說怎麼成為大學老師,假設提問者是大學老師了。在如何優秀的這個問題上,你需要做的:1.教好專業課,教師的首要任務是教書育人;同時要和大學生們搞好關係,要有人格魅力,發揮出自己的各方面優勢,不僅是知識,還有其他方面的能力展現;

    2.搞好科研,申請科研課題,並積極做好工作,認真負責真誠,有始有終!;

    3.搞好和領導、同事的關係,單位有個好人緣,工作做人方面才都有別人的支援!;

    4.積極、正面的生活影響,表裡如一,嚴謹生活,嚴謹工作,愛國心飽滿,並積極投身科研創造!

  • 3 # 資深幼兒教育及財務管

    想要成為一名優秀的大學教師,要具備以下幾點:1、要具備一定的專業知識,所謂要給學生一杯水,自己得先有一桶水,並在工作中有著空杯的心態,活到老學到老,不斷探索、豐富自身並提升自己得專業素養,這樣才能更好的教導學生2、關愛自己的學生,關注學生的成績之外還要了解學生的思想和生活方面。3、在授課過程中,要根據學生的聽課狀態調整自己得教學方案,如,語態、語速、肢體語言等,以此來調動孩子的積極性,把孩子聽課的被動性變成主動性4、做一名時尚的老師,關注時下的熱點,以此為契機,能夠和學生更多的交流。5、個人形象,為人師表,一定要從自己做起

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