過去完成時(The Past Perfect Tense)：表示過去某一時間或動作以前，已經發生或完成了的動作對過去的某一點造成的某種影響或是結果，用來指在另一個過去行動之前就已經完成了的事件。它表示動作發生的時間是“過去的過去”，側重事情的結果。

　　結構

　　主語+had+動詞過去分詞

　　①肯定句：主語+had+動詞過去分詞+其他.

　　②否定句：主語+had+not+動詞過去分詞+其他.

　　③疑問句：Had+主語+動詞過去分詞+其他?

　　肯定回答：Yes,主語+had.

　　否定回答：No,主語+hadn't.

　　④特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞或片語+had+主語+過去分詞+其他？

　　⑤被動語態：主語+had(not) +been+動詞過去分詞+其他.

　　例句

　　過去完成時常用的時間狀語有：

　　1. by the end of last+時間段. By the end of last term, we had learned 5000 new words.

　　2. By the time sb. +動詞過去式如：The bus had already left by the time I got there.

　　3.By (the time of) last year ,we had built two bridges.

　　大部分情況下以一般過去時did/was/were結構做比較，常見句型總結如下：

　　1.“主語 +had done…, before 從句(did/was/were)”

　　例如：Fortunately, the population had left the village before the volcano erupted.(幸運的是，火山噴發前人們已離開了村莊。)

　　2.“主語 +had done…, when 從句(did/was/were)”

　　例如：They had already put the fire out when I returned to the village.(當我返回村子時，人們已將大火撲滅。)

　　3.“By the end of +名詞(短語)，主語 + had done…”

　　例如：By the end of the day, most of the inhabitants had left their homes.(到這一天，大部分居民已離開他們的家園。)

　　4.“主句(had done), before + 過去時間狀語 ”

　　例如：They had never seen so many of the locusts before.(他們以前從未見過如此多的蝗蟲)

　　I had reached the station before six o'clock.

　　(六點之前我已到達車站。)

　　5.“By the time + 從句(did/was/were), 主語 + had done…”

　　例如：By the time we arrived, everyone had received medical care.(我們到達時，每個人已接受了醫療護理。)

　　6.“用在 It /This/That was the first…time + that 從句 (had done)中”

　　例如：It was the third time that he had made the same mistake. (這是他第三次犯同樣的錯誤了。)