英語改同義句的口訣，具體如下：陳述句中肯定句變為否定句，⼤部分是⽤not來改變謂語結構，但也有借⽤否定意義的詞，如nothing, nobody, none, neither, little, few, never, hardly等。

1運用同義詞（組）進行轉換

用同義詞或同義詞組對原句中的某些詞或詞組進行替換，注意轉換後的詞或詞組的詞形變化要與句子其他成分相適應。如：

1. That day we could see flowers here and there.

That day we could see flowers __________.

答案：everywhere

解析：everywhere與here and there都表示“到處”。

2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.

The teacher always______ _____the children well in the school.

答案：looks after

解析：take good care of與look after…well都表示“好好照顧”。

2運用反義詞（組）的否定式進行轉換

即用反義詞或詞組的否定式表達與原句相同的意思，主要考查學生對反義詞（詞組）的積累和換位思維的能力。如：

1. It’s clear that this visit is different from last time.

It’s clear that this visit is not the___ ___last time.

答案：same as

解析：be different from意為“與……不同”；the same as意為“與……相同”，其否定式與be different from同義。

2. I think wealth is less important than health.

I ___ think wealth is ___ important than health.

答案：為don’t，more

解析：less important的意思是“沒有（不及）……重要”；more important的意思是“（比）……更重要”，該結構與not連用，則表示“不比……更重要”。

另外，有的反義詞即使不與否定詞連用，而只需改變句子結構也可構成同義句。如：

He lent some money to his friend.

He friend ___ some money ___ him.

答案為borrowed，from

解析：borrow…from...意為“向……借……”；lend…to...意為“把……借給……”。兩個結構意思相反，但若變換“借出者”與“借入者”的位置，則可轉換為同義句。

3運用不同語態進行轉換

即運用主動語態與被動語態的變化來轉換同義詞，但此時要特別注意時態、動詞一致性。如：

1. Everyone should give back his library books on time.

Library books should____ ____ ____ on time.

答案：be given back

解析：被動句中含有情態動詞should，因此助動詞用be。

2. It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today.

It is widely accepted that computers ____ widely ___ in the world today.

答案為are，used

解析：computers是複數名詞，助動詞用are。

4非延續性動詞與延續性動詞的相互轉換

即非延續性動詞與延續性動詞進行轉換，此時往往會涉及時態的變化。如：

1. The manager left two hours ago.

The manager _____ ____ ____ for two hours.

答案:has been away

解析：leave為非延續性動詞，不能與for two hours這樣的一段時間連用，而改成be away這樣的延續性動詞後，則可連用一段時間。

2. The film began five minutes ago.

The film has been _____ _____ five minutes.

答案：on for

解析：has been提示時態是現在完成時態，“for 時間段”表示“持續（一段時間）”，常用在含有現在完成時態的句子裡。

3. Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago.

Mr Li _____ _____ _____ the Party for twenty years.

答案：has been in

解析：短暫動詞join，意為“參加、加入（組織，政黨）”，不能與延續時間狀語連用，與延續性時間狀語連用時，將join改成be in或be a member in…。

5運用不同引語進行轉換

即將直接引語變為間接引語或將間接引語轉換成直接引語。此時還要注意相關時態、人稱、動詞、狀語等相應的變化。如：

1.“I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me.

He _________ me that he _________ _________ his wallet.

答案：told，had found

解析：此題是將直接引語轉換成間接引語。

2. “Did you see her last week?” he said.

He _______ _______ I had seen her the week _______.

答案：asked if/ whether, before

解析：此題是將疑問句的直接引語轉換成間接引語。

6簡單句與複合句之間的轉換

即將簡單句變成同義的複合句或將複合句變成同義的簡單句。如：

1. We didn’t go out for a walk because it was raining.

We didn’t go out for a walk _______ _______ the rain.

答案：because of

解析：將原因狀語從句because it was raining改為表示原因的介詞短語because of the rain。

2. He was so excited that he couldn’t go to sleep.

He was ______ ______ ______ go to sleep.

答案：too excited to

解析：將so…that…換成too…to…結構，原句的that從句為結果狀語從句，改寫句中的不定式仍表結果。

3. Now I will show you how to do the work.

Now I will show you ______ ______ ______ do the work.

答案：how you can

解析：即將原句中的“疑問詞+不定式”結構轉換成賓語從句。

4. You should put them back after you use them.

You should put them back _____ _____ them.

答案：after using

解析：即將after引導的狀語從句改寫為after引導的介詞短語。

7並列句與複合句之間的轉換

即將並列句變成同義的複合句或將複合句變成同義的並列句。如：

1. Come on, or we’ll miss the early bus.

____ we ____ hurry, we’ll miss the early bus.

答案為If，don’t

解析：if引導條件狀語從句。

2. The man gave us a talk last week. He will give us another talk this week.

The man _____ gave us a talk last week _____ _____ us another talk this week.

答案為who/ that，will give

解析：who/ that gave us a talk last week為定語從句，脩飾先行詞the man。

8運用關聯連詞連接或合并句子

即運用關聯連詞both…and…，neither…nor…，either…or…，not only…but also…等將兩個簡單句合併為一個簡單句。此時要注意的是，both…and…連接兩個主語時，謂語總是用複數，而neither…nor…，either…or…，not only…but also…連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞通常應與靠近的主語保持一致。如：

1. Tom can’t speak Japanese well and Jim can’t, either.

______ Tom ______ Jim can speak Japanese well.

答案：Neither，nor

解析：neither…nor…表示“……和……（兩者）都不”，剛好與原句的兩個否定結構的意思相吻合。

2. Alice has read the book and Peter has read it, too.

______ Alice ______ Peter have read the book.

答案：Both，and

解析：both…and…的意思是“……和……（兩者）都”。

3. This store sells men’s shoes, and it also sells men’s clothes.

This store sells ______ ______ men’s shoes ______ ______ men’s clothes.

答案：not only，but also

解析：not only…but also…表示“不僅……而且……”之意。

9運用某些典型句式或結構進行轉換

這類典型結構如so…that…，too…to…，enough to，not…until…，so do I 等。如：

1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.

Jim wants to go boating, and ______ ______ his parents.

答案：so do

解析：句意為“……他的父母也一樣（一樣想去）”。

2. John went to bed after he finished his homework.

John ______ go to bed ______ he finished his homework.

答案：didn’t，until

解析：not…until意為“直到……才”。

①應弄清楚所給句子的內容和句式結構，試題填空部分與原句的對應關系，表達形式。

②根據所給空位，確定同義的句式和恰當的詞語。

③對特殊結構的句型和習慣表達要仔細斟酌。

英語改同義句技巧

【經典範例引路】

例1 The old man stood there and didn’t know what he should do next.

The old man stood there and didn’t know do next.

簡析：下一句要填的兩個空與上句的 What he should對應。即用兩個詞表示上句三個詞的意思。上句know後是賓語從句，下句兩個空應填what to，是疑問句+動詞不定式結構。

例2 Hurry up, or you'll miss the early bus.

we , you’ll miss the early bus.

簡析：原句是祈使句，要完成的句子有三個空，且多了一個主語，要用三個空表示“Hurry up, or”的意思。而原句中的or是表示條件的，下一句理應改為條件狀語從句：“If we don't hurry”。

例3 Their football team is much stronger than the other two.

Their football team is of the .

簡析：本題原句是個比較級句型，而轉換後的句型根據“of”的標誌應是高級句型。因為從句意上看是有三個足球隊，空格處填the strongest; three, 意思與原句相同。