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1 # 妃兒小號
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2 # 劉明蘭
你好,1. 意義不同:
- as 引導的定語從句表示“像……一樣”,常用於比較兩個事物的相似性或相同性。
- which 引導的定語從句表示“……的”,用於修飾先行詞的特徵或性質。
2. 位置不同:
- as 引導的定語從句通常緊跟在先行詞之後。
- which 引導的定語從句通常放在先行詞後面,用逗號與主句隔開。
3. 語法結構不同:
- as 引導的定語從句中,as 本身可以充當主語或賓語,後面跟一個從句。
- which 引導的定語從句中,which 本身是一個關系代詞,引導一個從句作為定語。
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3 # MAXIM1246175341
首先,that和which在從句裡都可以做賓語和主語,做賓語時可以省略。在定語從句中,有種說法叫"關賓省",意思是關系代詞在限制性定語從句中作賓語可以省略,不管是that,which,還是whom。但是which能引導非限制性定語從句,that則不行。
其次,記得以下只能用that的幾種情況:
1. 當先行詞為all, much, little, none及由any, every, some, no所構成的複合不定代詞時。
如:We should do all that is useful to the people. 我們應該做一切有益於人民的事情。
Please tell me anything that you know about the matter. 有關此事,凡是你所知道的請告訴我。
2. 當先行詞被any, few, little, no, all, much, some等詞脩飾時。
如:You can take any seat that is free. 任何空著的座位你都可以坐。
There is little work that is fit for you. 幾乎沒有適合你的工作。
3. 當先行詞為序數詞或被序數詞所脩飾時。
如:When people talk about the cities of China, the first that comes to my mind is Beijing. 人們談論起中國的城市的時候,我首先 想到的是北京。
This is the fourth film that has been shown in our school this term. 這是我們校本學期放映的第四部電影。
4. 當先行詞為形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級脩飾時。
如:The best that I could do was to apologize. 我唯一能做的就是賠禮道歉了。
This is the most interesting storybook that I have ever read. 這是我讀過的一本最有趣的故事書。
5. 當先行詞被the very, the only, the last, the just, the same等脩飾時。
如:This is the very book that I'm looking for. 這正是我在找的書。
The only thing that we could do was to wait. 我們唯一能做的事就是等待。
注意:先行詞被the same脩飾時,關系代詞也可用as。
如:I need the same book that / as you have. 我需要有你一樣的書。
6. 當先行詞既包含人又包含物時。
如:They are talking of the heroines and their deeds that interest them. 他們正在談論他們感興趣的女英雄及她們的事跡。
7. 當先行詞是疑問代詞who,which,what或主句以這些詞開頭時。
如:Who that has ever worked together with him doesn't admire him? 曾經和他一起工作過的誰不欽佩他?
Which is the star that is nearer to the earth?哪個是離地球比較近的星星?
8. 當先行詞為主句表語或關系代詞為從句表語時。
如:That's a good book that will help you a lot. 那是本對你很有幫助的書。
Our school is no longer the place that it used to be. 我們的學校現在已不是過去的那個樣子了。
9. 先行詞為time時,當time表示次數,引導詞用that, 可省略。當表示時間,可用that或when引導,都可省略。
如:I do remember the first time(that) I had ever heard the sweetest voice in the world.我很清楚地記得當我第一次聽到世界上最美的聲音的時候。
I didn't remember the exact time (when/that) I arrived in Shanghai last month. 我不記得上個月到達上海的確切時間了。
最後,請注意以下幾種只能使用which的情況:
1. 在“介詞+關系代詞”結構中,關系代詞必須用which。
如:The house in which we live is very large. 我們住的房子非常大。
This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking. 這就是老師正在談及的那本參考書。
注意:如果介詞不放在脩飾事物的限定性定語從句的句首, which就可換為that, 例如:This is the question which/that we've had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we've had so much discussion. 這就是我們已經多次討論過的問題。
2. 先行詞為“those+表事物的複數名詞”時, 關系代詞通常只用which而不用that。
如:you should grasp well those skills which may be used in future work.
最後,記得這個特殊情況吧:當先行詞是表示原因或方式的名詞時,可以用that引導定語從句,相當於介詞+which,that可以省略。
如:She likes the child for the very reason that (=for which) she loves his father. 她喜歡那個孩子因為她愛著孩子的父親。
He didn't like the way that (=in which) she speaks to his mother. 他不喜歡她對他的母親那樣說話。
Imagine the speed that (=at which) he drives the car. 很難想象,他開車開得那麼快。
The reason (that /for which /why) he came here was to ask for our help.他來這裡的原因是尋求我們的幫助。
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4 # 用戶5435842789945
引導詞that和which的區別:
① The dog _____ is sitting on the mat is Pluto.
(坐在墊子上的那隻狗叫做Pluto。)
問題①的答案是:
可以填that,但是無法判斷能否填which。
分析這個問題前,需要先了解一下that和which之間的不同:
that的詞義是“那個”,暗指單個對象。
which的詞義是“那一個”,暗指多個對象中的一個。
如果不考慮一句話所處的場景,是無法判斷這句話是對是錯的。因此我們分兩個場景來分析句①:
場景一:假設我家裡養了兩隻狗,它們名字分別是Pluto和Goofy。
在某個時刻,Pluto坐在墊子上,而Goofy趴在地板上。我可以向朋友這樣介紹Pluto:
The dog that is sitting on the mat is Pluto.
(坐在墊子上的那隻狗叫做Pluto。)
that表示一個特別指明的對象,此句正確。
The dog which is sitting on the mat is Pluto.
(坐在墊子上的那一隻狗叫做Pluto。)
因為我一共有兩隻狗,所以橫線處也可以填which,來表明是多個對象中的一個。
場景二:但如果我家裡只養了一隻狗,名叫Pluto。情況就有所變化了:
The dog that is sitting on the mat is Pluto. (√)
The dog which is sitting on the mat is Pluto. (×)
因為在這個場景下,並沒有多個對象可以選擇,所以不能用which。
回覆列表
As和which都可以引導定語從句,從而給名詞或代詞加以脩飾。
其中as通常用於修飾整個句子的情況,而which則通常限定名詞的範圍。
舉個例子,假設有句話:“I like books as tell interesting stories.” 這裡的as引導的定語從句脩飾整個主句,表示“我喜歡那些講有趣故事的書籍。
”再舉個例子,“The book, which is on the table, is mine.” 這裡的which引導的從句限定了名詞book,表示“那本在桌子上的書是我的。
”總之,as整體性的修飾句子,而which則更加對名詞進行具體的脩飾。