原文分享

人是為了活著本身而活著，而不是為了活著之外的任何事物而活著。

你千萬別糊塗，死人都還想活過來，你一個大活人可不能去死。

從前，我們徐家的老祖宗不過是養了一隻雞，雞養大後變成了鵝，鵝養大了變成了羊，再把羊養大，羊就變成了牛。我們徐家就是這樣發起來的。

做人還是平常點好，爭這個爭那個，爭來爭去賠了自己的命。像我這樣，說起來是越混越沒出息，可壽命長，我認識的人一個挨著一個死去，我還活著。

人啊，活著時受了再多的苦，到了快死的時候也會想個法子來寬慰自己。

福貴就完全不一樣了，他喜歡回想過去，喜歡講述自己，似乎這樣一來，他就可以一次一次地重度此生了。

我知道他不會和我拼命了，可他說的話就像是一把鈍刀子在割我的脖子，腦袋掉不下來，倒是疼得死去活來。

簡介

《活著》講述一個人一生的故事，這是一個歷盡世間滄桑和磨難老人的人生感言，是一幕演繹人生苦難經歷的戲劇。小說的敘述者“我”在年輕時獲得了一個遊手好閒的職業——去鄉間收集民間歌謠。在夏天剛剛來到的季節，遇到那位名叫福貴的老人，聽他講述了自己坎坷的人生經歷： 地主少爺福貴嗜賭成性，終於賭光了家業，一貧如洗，窮困之中福貴因母親生病前去求醫，沒想到半路上被國民黨部隊抓了壯丁，後被解放軍所俘虜，回到家鄉他才知道母親已經過世，妻子家珍含辛茹苦帶大了一雙兒女，但女兒不幸變成了啞巴。

真正的悲劇從此才開始漸次上演。家珍因患有軟骨病而幹不了重活；兒子因與縣長夫人血型相同，為救縣長夫人抽血過多而亡；女兒鳳霞與隊長介紹的城裡的偏頭二喜喜結良緣，產下一男嬰後，因大出血死在手術檯上；而鳳霞死後三個月家珍也相繼去世；二喜是搬運工，因吊車出了差錯，被兩排水泥板夾死；外孫苦根便隨福貴回到鄉下，生活十分艱難，就連豆子都很難吃上，福貴心疼便給苦根煮豆吃，不料苦根卻因吃豆子撐死……生命裡難得的溫情將被一次次死亡撕扯得粉碎，只剩得老了的福貴伴隨著一頭老牛在陽光下回憶。小說《活著》是餘華創作中的分水嶺。《活著》展現了一個又一個人的死亡過程，掀起一波又一波無邊無際的苦難波浪，表現了一種面對死亡過程的可能的態度。活著本身很艱難，延續生命就得艱難的活著，正因為異常艱難，活著才具有深刻的含義。沒有比活著更美好的事，也沒有比活著更艱難的事。

後記

創作背景：作者餘華聽到了一首美國民歌《老黑奴》，歌中那位老黑奴經歷了一生的苦難，家人都先他而去，而他依然友好地對待這個世界，沒有一句抱怨的話。這首歌深深地打動了作者，作者決定寫下一篇這樣的小說，於是就有了1992年的《活著》。寫人對苦難的承受能力，對世界樂觀的態度。人是為活著本身而活著的，而不是為了活著之外的任何事物所活著。

翻譯

Original Share

People live to live themselves, not to live for anything other than living.

Don't be confused, the dead still want to survive, you can't die as a living person.

Once upon a time, the ancestors of our Xu family only raised a chicken. After the chicken was raised, it became a goose, and when the goose was raised, it became a sheep. Then, when the sheep was raised, the sheep became a cow. This is how our Xu family started.

It's better to be a normal person. Fighting over this and that, fighting over and over to lose your life. Like me, it seems that the more mixed it is, the less promising it is, but the life span is long. People I know die next to each other, and I am still alive.

Humans, no matter how much suffering you suffer when you are alive, you will find a way to comfort yourself when you are about to die.

Fugui is completely different. He likes to think about the past and talk about himself. It seems that in this way, he can live this life again and again.

I know he won't fight me desperately, but what he said is like a blunt knife cutting my neck, my head can't fall off, but it hurts to death.

Introduction

"Living" tells the story of aperson's life. This is a life testimony of an old man who has gone through thevicissitudes and tribulations of the world. It is a drama that interprets thesufferings of life. The narrator of the novel, "I", acquired aleisurely career when he was young-went to the countryside to collect folksongs. In the season just before the summer, I met the old man named Fugui andheard him describe his rough life experience: The landlord young master Fuguiwas addicted to gambling, and finally gambling out of his family business. Hewas impoverished and impoverished. Fugui went to seek medical treatment becauseof his mother’s illness. He did not expect to be arrested by the Kuomintangtroops on the way and captured by the People’s Liberation Army. When hereturned to his hometown, he knew that his mother had passed away. Become dumb.

The real tragedy began to take placegradually. Jiazhen was unable to do heavy work because of rickets; his son diedbecause he had the same blood type as the county magistrate’s wife, and he drewtoo much blood to save the magistrate’s wife; daughter Fengxia and the captainintroduced the city’s first two to get married. After giving birth to a babyboy, he died on the operating table due to hemorrhage; and three months afterFengxia’s death, Jiazhen also died one after another; Erxi, a porter, wasclamped to death by two rows of cement boards due to an error in a crane;grandson Kugen went back to the countryside with Fugui. Life was verydifficult. Even beans were hard to eat. Fugui was so distressed that he cookedbeans for Kugen. Unexpectedly, Kugen died from eating beans... The rare warmthin life will be lost. The death was torn to pieces again and again, leavingonly the old Fugui accompanied by an old cow in the sun to remember. The novel"To Live" is a watershed in Yu Hua's creation. "Alive"shows the death process of one person after another, setting off an endlesswave of suffering, showing a possible attitude towards the process of death. Tolive is very difficult. To continue life is to live hard. It is because of theextraordinary hardship that living has a profound meaning. There is nothingbetter than living, and nothing more difficult than living.

postscript

Creation background: The author Yu Huaheard an American folk song "Old Black Slave". In the song, the oldblack slave has experienced a lifetime of suffering, and his family has gonebefore him, and he still treats the world in a friendly manner without a wordof complaint. . The song deeply moved the author, and the author decided towrite a novel like this, so there was "To Live" in 1992. Write aboutpeople's ability to withstand suffering and an optimistic attitude towards theworld. People live to live themselves, not to live for anything other thanliving.

參考資料：百度百科，知乎

翻譯：Google翻譯

排版：李恆宇

文案：李恆宇

稽核：李小雪