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跌宕: Tezepelumab SOURCE研究未達主要終點

2020年11月10日,安進/阿斯利康聯合宣佈其TSLP抗體Tezepelumab治療重度哮喘的三期臨床NAVIGATOR獲得成功; 儘管後續SOURCE試驗結果顯示:與安慰劑相比,Tezepelumab在未能達到每日口服糖皮質激素(OCS)劑量在統計上顯著減少的主要終點,但Tezepelumab的其他療效指標與的前期研究結果一致,包括註冊III期NAVIGATOR研究。此外,Tezepelumab的安全性結果也與之前的研究一致[1]。

目前Astrazeneca 和 Amgen公司依然對Tezepelumab的開發持樂觀態度,認為全部的證據,包含PATHWAY及NAVIGATOR在內的試驗資料結果會支援Tezepelumab在廣泛的嚴重哮喘人群中的使用。

根據EvaluatePharma的資料顯示,預計Tezepelumab上市後,其會在2026年突破十億美元年銷售額大關,達到10.21億美元 (Fig. 1)[2]。

Fig. 1 Forecasts for the Asthma antibodies

關鍵:TSLP R:TSLP:IL-7Rα三元複合物

Tezepelumab是與TSLP結合的一種人類單克隆抗體,可抑制TSLP與TSLP受體複合物的相互作用。TSLP是一種上皮細胞因子,在哮喘炎症中起關鍵作用。哮喘的各種表型/內型的發病機理中涉及的大量刺激物,如過敏原、細胞因子、微生物產物、機械應力以及香菸煙霧提取物等,可以誘導TSLP從肺上皮細胞釋放。TSLP透過與由TSLP R和IL-7受體α(IL-7Rα)組成的高親和力異源受體複合物結合而發揮其生物學活性。帶正電荷的人TSLP與帶負電荷的TSLP R結合;然後,IL-7 Rα與TSLP結合形成三元複合物TSLP R:TSLP:IL-7Rα(Fig.2 A),從而啟動細胞訊號傳導,進而誘導人肥大細胞和嗜酸性粒細胞釋放細胞因子/趨化因子;啟用樹突狀細胞以誘導功能性2型輔助性T細胞(Th2)極化;TSLP靶向Ⅱ型固有淋巴樣細胞(ILC2),並驅動Th2細胞的發育 [3](Fig.2 B)。此外,TSLP還可以對參與哮喘病理生理的先天性和適應性免疫細胞的其他細胞產生廣泛的影響[4]。

Fig. 2 A. TSLP is expressed predominantly by lung epithelial cells. B. Human mast cells express both TSLPR and IL-7Rα and TSLP induces the release of cytokines/chemokines.

ACRO成功開發IL-7R α & TSLP R 異源二聚體

此外,ACRO還開發了不同種屬的TSLP蛋白和相關受體TSLP R, IL-7Rα,活性經BLI /SPR /ELISA多種技術驗證。

產品列表

驗證資料

活性(Bioactivity)-ELISA

Immobilized Human IL-7 RA&TSLP R Heterodimer Protein, Fc Tag & Fc Tag (Cat. No.ILR-H5255) at 5 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Human TSLP, His Tag (Cat. No.TSP-H52Hb) with a linear range of 0.4-3 ng/mL.

中和驗證(Neutralizing assay)-ELISA

Serial dilutions of Anti-Human TSLP Antibody, Human IgG2 were added into Human IL-7 R alpha & TSLP R Heterodimer Protein, Fc Tag & Fc Tag (MALS verified) (Cat. No.ILR-H5255) and Human TSLP R, Fc Tag (Cat. No.TSR-H525a): Biotinylated Human TSLP Protein, His,Avitag (Cat. No.TSP-H82Eb) binding reactions. The half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of Human IL-7 R alpha & TSLP R Heterodimer Protein, Fc Tag & Fc Tag (MALS verified) and Human TSLP R, Fc Tag are 1.09688 μg/mL and 0.16239 μg/mL respectively.

活性(Bioactivity)-SPR

Biotinylated Human SPR

Captured Human TSLP (R127A, R130A), His Tag (Cat. No.TSP-H52Ha) on CM5 Chip via anti-His antibody, can bind Human TSLP R, Fc Tag (Cat. No. TSR-H525a) with an affinity constant of 4.22 nM as determined in SPR assay (Biacore T200).

活性(Bioactivity)-BLI

Loaded Human TSLP R, Fc Tag (Cat. No. TSR-H525a) on Protein A Biosensor, can bind Human TSLP, His Tag (Cat. No. TSP-H52Hb) with an affinity constant of 24.6 nM as determined in BLI assay (ForteBio Octet Red96e).

Loaded Human IL-7 RA&TSLP R Heterodimer Protein, Fc Tag&Fc Tag (Cat. No.ILR-H5255) on Protein A Biosensor, can bind Human TSLP, His Tag (Cat. No. TSP-H52Hb) with an affinity constant of 134 pM as determined in BLI assay (ForteBio Octet Red96e).

參考資料:

1.https://www.astrazeneca.com/media-centre/press-releases/2020/update-on-source-phase-iii-trial-for-tezepelumab-in-patients-with-severe-oral-corticosteroid-dependent-asthma.html

2.https://www.evaluate.com/vantage/articles/news/trial-results/source-flop-raises-tezepelumab-questions

3.Marone G, et al. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2019. PMID: 31549891 Review.

4. Varricchi G, Pecoraro, A, Marone, G, et al. Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Isoforms, Inflammatory Disorders, and Cancer. Front Immunol. 2018; 9: 1595.

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