青花瓷（blue and white porcelain），又稱白地青花瓷，常簡稱青花，是中國瓷器的主流品種之一，屬釉下彩瓷。青花瓷是用含氧化鈷的鈷礦為原料，在陶瓷坯體上描繪紋飾，再罩上一層透明釉，經高溫還原焰一次燒成。鈷料燒成後呈藍色，具有著色力強、髮色鮮豔、燒成率高、呈色穩定的特點。原始青花瓷於唐宋已見端倪，成熟的青花瓷則出現在元代景德鎮的湖田窯。明代青花成為瓷器的主流。清康熙時發展到了頂峰。明清時期，還創燒了青花五彩、孔雀綠釉青花、豆青釉青花、青花紅彩、黃地青花、哥釉青花等衍生品種。

藏品介紹

中文名稱：明青花鳳紋盤

英文名稱：Ming blue and white phoenix plate

類別：瓷器

規格：一件（直徑26釐米，底徑16釐米）

品相：美品

“鳳象徵吉祥的神,鳳紋亦稱鳳鳥紋,包括鳳紋及各種鳥紋。古老的漢族傳統裝飾紋樣之一。鳳紋在青銅器中是最為美麗的紋飾。它是由原始彩陶上的玄鳥演變而來的,西周基本形象是雉,早期鳳紋有別於鳥紋最主要的特徵是有上揚飛舞的羽翼。”

此青花盤呈雙圈，內圈雙鳳盤旋翱翔，周身遍佈山字形火焰紋，這也是最高規格的鳳紋，與龍紋的火焰紋一致，火焰紋，又像雲朵，又像蝙蝠，帶有多種吉祥寓意。

口徑26釐米，底徑16釐米

可以看到內圈雙鳳周邊一圈太陽花紋飾，表示著太陽，外圈八隻鳳凰，同樣帶有火焰紋，給人無限光明之感，鳳紋之間又以青花折枝紋相隔，十分精美耐賞。

釉料厚實之處，錫斑特徵極其明顯，光線反射呈現亞光，這些特徵無不體現它的年代身份。

“進口青料為高鐵低錳，燒製出的青花，上面呈色濃豔，有黑色斑點，在黑色濃聚處閃爍如鉛，俗稱’錫光’或’鐵鏽斑’。”通俗來講，蘇麻離青料在高溫下產生凝聚斑，凝聚斑又產生錫斑，可以說凝聚斑是錫斑的根

底部有一圈明顯的氧化紅，圈足胎質細膩，最早稱之為“糯米汁胎”是形象描述胎體的質感，如同糯米經水磨後流出的米漿一般細膩、光滑。後被稱為糯米胎，此胎極其細膩，是瓷石經過多次提煉極其細膩後才有的極品瓷胎，這種瓷胎輕釦聲音清脆悅耳，胎質緊密，較一般瓷器硬度要高，抗熱漲冷縮能力強，很多瓷器經歷上百年時間就會自然的乾裂，我們成為陰裂現象，與窯裂不同，是後期形成的，而糯米胎瓷器就不會出現這種問題，由於瓷土極其細膩，也不會出現棕眼的現象，是美瓷的重要要素。

底部雙圈六字款：大明成化年制，落款規整，書寫十分精美，青花吃進胎骨，放大後看到青花的毛刺，出現了細微的暈散，這是由於長時間瓷器陰乾，使得青花進行了細微的蔓延擴充套件而出現的暈散，這種暈散不是幾十年就能形成的，往往要經歷數年才能形成，是鑑定新老瓷器最直接有效的方法。

此青花鳳紋盤，畫面極其生動自然，不管從任何角度欣賞都是古韻十足，青花瓷是能最好表現潑墨山水畫的瓷器，這是其它瓷器所做不到的，所以青花瓷最具中國風，最能體現中國山水畫藝術的最好載體，china這個單詞大家都知道是中國的意思，可是最早這個單詞的意思就是瓷器，因為當時中國被稱之為瓷器之國，可見我國瓷器的影響之大，已經成為對外的一張藝術名片了，而當時出口瓷最多的就是青花瓷，這件青花瓷開門見老，畫工精美，且是糯米胎質，綜上所述是一件十分難得的館藏級藏品，可謂是千金易得，一寶難求。

英文翻譯：Blue and white porcelain, also known as white porcelain or often shortened to blue and white porcelain, is one of the mainstream varieties of Chinese porcelain. It belongs to underglaze colored porcelain. Blue and white porcelain is made of cobalt ore containing cobalt oxide as raw material, painted with patterns on the ceramic body, then covered with a layer of transparent glaze, and fired by high temperature reduction flame. Cobalt is blue after firing, which has the characteristics of strong coloring, bright hair color, high firing rate and stable color. Primitive blue and white porcelain appeared in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and mature blue and white porcelain appeared in Hutian Kiln of Jingdezhen in the Yuan Dynasty. Blue and white porcelain became the mainstream in Ming Dynasty. It reached its peak in the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it also created and burned blue-and-white multicolor, malachite green glaze blue-and-white, bean green glaze blue-and-white, blue-and-white red color, yellow blue and white, and brother glaze blue-and-white and other derivative varieties.

The collection is introduced

Chinese name: Ming blue and white phoenix grain plate

English name: Ming Blue and White Phoenix Plate

Category: Porcelain

Specifications: one piece (diameter 26 cm, bottom diameter 16 cm)

Appearance: Beautiful

"The phoenix symbolizes the auspicious god. The phoenix pattern is also called phoenix bird pattern, including phoenix pattern and various bird patterns. One of the ancient Han traditional decorative patterns. Phoenix pattern is the most beautiful pattern in bronze ware. It evolved from the black bird on the original painted pottery. The basic image of the Western Zhou Dynasty is the pheasant. In the early period, the phoenix pattern was distinguished from the bird pattern by its flying wings."

This blue and white disk is in double circle, the inner circle of double phoenix hover and soar, the whole body is covered with mountain shape flame pattern, which is also the highest standard phoenix pattern, consistent with the dragon pattern of flame pattern, flame pattern, like clouds, like a bat, with a variety of auspicious connotations.

Diameter 26 cm, bottom diameter 16 cm

You can see the inner circle of double phoenix around a circle of sunflower decoration, representing the sun, the outer circle of eight phoenixes, also with flame pattern, give a person infinite sense of light, between the phoenixes and the blue and white folded branch pattern, very exquisite and appreciate.

Where the glaze is thick, the characteristics of the tin spot are extremely obvious, and the light reflects on the sub-light. These characteristics all reflect its age identity.

"The imported green material is high iron and low manganese, and the blue and white material is fired, which is rich and colorful, with black spots, and glints like lead in the black concentrated place, commonly known as' tin light 'or' iron rust spot '." Popular speaking, soma from green material at high temperature to produce condensation spots, condensation spots and tin spots, can be said to be the root of tin spots

There is an obvious ring of oxidized red at the bottom, and the foot is fine and delicate. It was first called "sticky rice juice tire" to describe the texture of the tire body, which is as fine and smooth as the rice milk flowing out of glutinous rice after water grinding. Called glutinous rice, after the child is very exquisite, is China stone some acura after many refined extremely delicate porcelain body, the porcelain body light sweet crisp, TaiZhi closely, more like porcelain higher hardness, heat from the cold resistance is strong, a lot of China experienced hundreds of years to naturally weather-shack, we become Yin crack phenomenon, unlike kiln crack, late is formed, and glutinous rice porcelain will not appear this kind of problem, because China clay is extremely delicate, also won't appear the phenomenon of brown eyes, is one of the important elements of the porcelain.

Double circle at the bottom of the six models: Ming chenghua years, inscribe neat, writing is very beautiful, blue and white eat into fetal bone, enlarged porcelain burr, see a slight dizzy, it is because of China in order for a long time, makes the spread of blue and white has carried on the fine extension and the emergence of dizzy, the halo powder can be formed not decades, often go through several years to form, the most direct and effective method is to identify the new and old porcelain.

The blue and white chicken tray, the picture is very vivid and natural, no matter from any Angle to appreciate is a sensibility, blue and white porcelain is the best performance splash-ink landscape painting of China, it is the other porcelain can't do, so most Chinese wind of blue and white porcelain, most can reflect the best carrier of Chinese landscape painting art, China this word is the meaning of the Chinese is known to all, but the meaning of this word is the earliest porcelain, because the country is referred to as Chinese porcelain, is our country the influence of China, has become a foreign art card, at a time when export porcelain is blue and white porcelain, the blue and white porcelain to open the door to me, drawing fine, And is glutinous rice fetal quality, in summary, is a very rare collection level collection, it can be said that a thousand gold is easy to get, a treasure is difficult to find.