Kit Architects在瑞士的消防站是一座“有內涵的”工業建築

Kit architects'fire station in switzerland rises as a cultivated industrial building

Kit新設計建造的消防站位於通往Weinfelden的一塊三角形土地上。在這塊區域中，建築成為城市景觀的地標，是工業區和居住區之間的邊界線。一方面，建築交錯的小體塊類似於小型房屋的體積，另一方面，建築寬大的玻璃牆與周圍一系列的商業建築很協調。

Kit’s new fire station is located on the road leading to weinfelden, on a tapered triangular plot ofland. At this point, the building stands out as a clear landmark in the townscape and indicates the boundary line between the industrial and residential zones. With its staggered volume on one side, it comes close to the small-scale houses, while, with agenerously dimensioned glass front on the other side, it lines up well with the series of commercial buildings around it.

由kit architects設計的新的消防站，位於瑞士的Weinfelden／The new fire station designed by kit architects and located in weinfelden, Switzerland. All images©ruedi walti

總部位於瑞士的Kit Architects在一個框架結構的基礎上進行了該大樓的設計。屋頂被細分成十個傾斜的單元，可以清晰地表達建築的平面。十個單元體塊中的七個組成了可以停車的L型大廳，而另外三個則是由消防隊和撒馬利亞組織所運用的兩層暖房。建築師運用了大寬度鋼結構，確保車庫空間不被支撐結構而影響，從而可以更加靈活地使用，在建築的兩層主要空間，屋頂通過鋼筋混凝土牆支撐。

The swiss based office kit architects based the building’s design on a consistent framework structure. The roof is subdivided into ten surface units inclined relative to one another and reflecting the building’s ground plan. Seven of the ten units form the L-shaped hall in which the vehicles are kept, whereas the other three contain two floors of heatedrooms occupied by the fire brigade and the samaritan organization. Highly robust steel beams ensure that the garage is not interrupted by supporting elements and can therefore be used in a flexible manner; in the two-storey core of the building, the roofis supported on reinforced-concrete walls.

消防站的鋁製外牆上完全不開窗／The fire station has a windowless aluminium façade.

大廳的靜態承重結構清晰地表達了建築材料。建築師通過使用一系列的建築材料，即鋼鐵、木材和其他固體元素，讓不同的功能空間具有不同的表達效果，同時在室內形成熱屏障。屋頂上安裝了一個光伏電站，該建築已通過迷你能源的認證。建築的承重結構和平面組成一個完整的體系，儘管它的模組化設計，凸顯了基地不規則的幾何形，但是建築師通過獨特的表達方式來與基地的三條邊相呼應。

The static load-bearing concept for the hall underscores the building’s architectural clarity.The use of a range of construction materials—steel, timber and solid elements — allows for the differentiated treatment of the various uses while keeping the thermal barrier within compact confines. A photovoltaic plant has been installed on the roof. The building has been minergie-certified. The load-bearing structure and ground plan together result in a complete system, which, despite its modular design, reacts consistently to the plot of land’s unusual geometry and bestows an adequate expression of its own on each of the building’s three sides.

立面大尺寸的玻璃牆與周圍的商業建築很協調／With a generously dimensioned glass front, it lines up well with the series of commercial buildings around it

建築外觀看起來是典型的工業建築，未經處理的梯形鋁型材料進一步減輕了建築體量。面向道路的交錯體塊形成一個三角形的室外空間。結合新種植的樹木，形成公路和建築之間的綠化區，這也是建築的主入口區域。停車廳內有一長而直的玻璃外牆，可以通往前院，在這裡，建築師設定了充足的轉彎半徑，讓大型車輛能夠輕鬆通過。

The façade is unashamedly industrial, to which even further weight is lent by its covering material of untreated trapezoidal aluminium profiles. The staggered side facing the road permits three small, triangular outdoor spaces. In combination with the newly-planted line of trees, they form a green zone between the public highway and the building. That is also where the principal entrance is located. The front of the hall in which the fleets are housed presents a long, straight façade of gates giving onto a forecourt, on which vehicles with a large turning circle can be maneuvered without any difficulty.

車廳內有一長而直的外牆，這裡有一大門通往前院／The front of the vehicle hall presents a long, straight façade of gates giving onto a forecourt.

指揮中心、盥洗室、保護呼吸裝置和更衣室都在一樓，並與車輛大廳直接相連，大廳裡沒有支撐結構。在這種情況下，能夠確保呼叫之後的工作效率。車間和工作室也直接連線到大廳，電梯位於中心位置，可有效運輸貨物，同時保證了所有樓層的無障礙通道。樓上的理論室通過一個兩層的門廳進入，在這裡能夠獨立地進行消防活動。一個由天窗照明的通道將教室相互連線，建築師還增加了一個小廚房和娛樂室。同時，工作人員可以通過一個全景窗看到車輛儲存廳。

The use of the command center, washroom, reconditioning unit for protective breathing gear and changing rooms are all at ground-floor level and connected directly with the vehicle hall, which has been kept free from support structures. In this situation, only short distances need to be covered before, during and after call-outs, ensuring efficient operational procedures. The workshop along with the office is also connected directly to the hall. The lift is in a central location for the efficient transport of goods while, at the same time, guaranteeing barrier-free access to all floors. The theory rooms on the upper floor are accessed through a two-storey foyer and can be used externally or internallyindependently of fire-brigade activities. A passageway illuminated by skylights links the classrooms with one another but also widens out into a recreation room with a kitchenette. Meanwhile, a panoramic window provides a view down into the vehicle storage hall.

指揮中心位於一層，直接與車輛大廳相連／The command center is located on ground-floor level and connects directly with the vehicle hall.

樓上的理論室通過一個兩層的門廳進入／The theory rooms on the upper floor are accessed through a two-storey foyer.

該理論室的內外空間都可獨立地進行消防隊活動／The theory room can be used externally or internally independently of fire-brigade activities

拂曉時消防站的沿街立面圖／The fire station in weinfelden seen from across the street at dawn

模型／Model

由專築網姬薇薇，李韌編譯