1 說明

1.1 認識visvismk

Visvis is a pure Python library for visualization of 1D to 4D data in an object oriented way.

是純python的以面向物件的方式的1D～4D的資料視覺化作圖模組。

1.2 github地址：

https://github.com/almarklein/visvis

1.3 使用的人不多，網上介紹太少了，所以我來介紹技術，是一個可以作為python的基礎知識學習的好工具。

1.4 中文設定暫時還不能。

2 安裝

pip install visvis

3 bar3d=3D柱狀圖

bai3d.py程式碼

#匯出模組import visvis as vv#初始化定義，基本固定app = vv.use()#f = vv.clf()  #可要可不要a = vv.cla()#資料定義，可自定義，資料是我假設的#x軸為月份x=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]#bar的厚度=1y=[1]*12#溫度數值z=[12,20,21,14,17,15,13,18,14,22,21,19]#定義3d的bar,是bar3bar =vv.bar3(x, y, z, width=0.8)#柱子的顏色設定,預設是灰色bar.colors = ["r","g","b"] * 4#顯示網格，可要可不要，預設是不要的Falsea.axis.showGridZ = Truea.axis.showGridY = Truea.axis.showGridX = True#顯示x,y,z的比值，預設是1,1,1，但是由於z如果比值太大，顯示不好看，bar就會太高a.daspect = 1,1,0.3#z和x標籤a.axis.zLabel = 'Temperature [C^o]'a.axis.xLabel = 'month[m]'#注意起始點是0，所以0的位置標記為空=’‘a.axis.xTicks = ['','Jan ','Feb','Mar',' Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul',' Aug',' Sep',' Oct',' Nov',' Dec']#標題定義vv.title('bar3d')app.Run()

效果圖

4 如果有人說，我不要3d柱狀圖，就要普通的條形圖，可不可以呢？可以，簡單。

bar1d.py程式碼

#匯出模組import visvis as vv#初始化定義，基本固定app = vv.use()#f = vv.clf()  #可要可不要a = vv.cla()#資料定義，可自定義，資料是我假設的#x軸為月份x=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]#bar的厚度=1#y=[1]*12#溫度數值z=[12,20,21,14,17,15,13,18,14,22,21,19]bar =vv.bar(x,z, width=0.8)#柱子的顏色設定,預設是灰色bar.colors = ["r","g","b"] * 4#z和x標籤a.axis.zLabel = 'Temperature [C^o]'a.axis.xLabel = 'month[m]'#注意起始點是0，所以0的位置標記為空=’‘,如果註釋掉就是預設的資料標籤,Dec沒有標出來，buga.axis.xTicks = ['','Jan ','Feb','Mar',' Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul',' Aug',' Sep',' Oct',' Nov',' Dec']#標題定義vv.title('bar1d')app.Run()

效果圖

5 折線圖

line.py程式碼：

# 官方的plotting作圖# 匯出模組import visvis as vvapp = vv.use()#f = vv.clf()a = vv.cla()#資料vv.plot([12,34,21,38], lc='b', ls=':',mc='b', mw=7, lw=2, ms='s', mec='r')vv.plot([1,3,4],[33,47,12], lc='r', mc='r', ms='.')vv.plot([20,24,45,21], lc='g', ls='--', mc='g', mw=12, lw=3, ms='')vv.plot([35,14,40,31], lc='k', ls='-.', mc='g', mw=12, lw=3, ms='*')a = vv.gca()a.legend = 'line 1', 'line 2', 'line 3'a.axis.showGrid = 1a.axis.xlabel = 'measurement number'a.axis.ylabel = 'some quantity [unit]'#標題，字型加粗vv.title('An example of \\b{plotting}')app.Run()

效果圖：

6 4d茶壺

teapot4d.py程式碼

import visvis as vvapp = vv.use()  #初始化app和最後的app的run，如果沒有，那麼動畫結束後就會指定關閉視窗# Create something to show, let's show a red teapot!mesh = vv.solidTeapot()#茶壺體的顏色設定mesh.faceColor = 'y'# PrepareNangles = 360a = vv.gca()f = vv.gcf()# Rotate camerafor i in range(Nangles):    a.camera.azimuth = 360 * float(i) / Nangles    if a.camera.azimuth>180:        a.camera.azimuth -= 360    a.Draw() # Tell the axes to redraw    f.DrawNow() # Draw the figure NOW, instead of waiting for GUI event loopapp.Run()

效果圖

7 聯合OpenGL製作三角體

程式碼：

import visvis as vvimport OpenGL.GL as glclass CustomWobject(vv.Wobject):    def __init__(self, parent):        vv.Wobject.__init__(self, parent)    def _drawTraingles(self, how, color):        a = 0, 0, 0        b = 1, 0, 0        c = 1, 1, 0        d = 1, 1, 1                gl.glColor(*color)        gl.glBegin(how)        gl.glVertex(*a);  gl.glVertex(*b); gl.glVertex(*c)        gl.glVertex(*a);  gl.glVertex(*c); gl.glVertex(*d)        gl.glVertex(*b);  gl.glVertex(*c); gl.glVertex(*d)        gl.glVertex(*a);  gl.glVertex(*d); gl.glVertex(*b)        gl.glEnd()        def _GetLimits(self):        # Get limits        x1, x2 = 0, 1        y1, y2 = 0, 1        z1, z2 = 0, 1        # Return        return vv.Wobject._GetLimits(self, x1, x2, y1, y2, z1, z2)        def OnDraw(self):        """ To draw the object.        """        self._drawTraingles(gl.GL_TRIANGLES, (0.2, 0.8, 0.4))        gl.glLineWidth(3)        self._drawTraingles(gl.GL_LINE_LOOP, (0,0,0))        def OnDrawShape(self, clr):        """ To draw the shape of the object.        Only necessary if you want to be able to "pick" this object        """        self._drawTraingles(gl.GL_TRIANGLES, clr)    # Create an instance of this class and set axes limitsa = vv.cla()c = CustomWobject(a)a.SetLimits()# Enter main loopapp = vv.use() # let visvis chose a backend for meapp.Run()

效果圖：

8 還可以畫sun-earth-moon三體運動

程式碼：

import visvis as vv# Create floorfloor = vv.solidBox((0,0,-1.5), (6,6,1))# Create hierachy objectssun = vv.solidSphere()earth = vv.solidSphere((2,0,0),(0.3,0.3,0.2))moon = vv.solidSphere((2,0,0),scaling=(0.2, 0.2, 0.3))moon.parent = earthearth.parent = sun# Add transformationssunTrans = sun.transformations[0]earthRot = vv.Transform_Rotate(20)moonRot = vv.Transform_Rotate(20)earth.transformations.insert(0,earthRot)moon.transformations.insert(0,moonRot)# Set appearanceearth.faceColor = 'b'moon.faceColor = 'y'sun.faceColor = 'r'# Set axes settingsaxes = vv.gca()axes.SetLimits(rangeZ=(-2,3))# Define timer funcsun.zSpeed = 0.2def onTimer(event):    # Move moon    moonRot.angle += 20    if moonRot.angle > 360:        moonRot.angle = 0    # Move earth    earthRot.angle += 5    if earthRot.angle > 360:        earthRot.angle = 0    # Move sun    sun.zSpeed -= 0.01    sunTrans.dz += sun.zSpeed    # Detect bounce    if sunTrans.dz < 0:        sun.zSpeed *= -1        sunTrans.dz = 0    # Update!    axes.Draw()# Create time and enter main looptimer = vv.Timer(axes, 100, False)timer.Bind(onTimer)timer.Start()app = vv.use()app.Run()

效果圖：

介紹到這裡了，喜歡就好。