環境說明:
系統:Windows10開發工具:PycharmPython版本:3.51. 建立Django基礎工程直接使用Pycharm建立,當然你也可能使用命令列方式來建立Django工程,如圖正常在瀏覽器裡面能執行起來說明工程建立成功
建立工程
執行測試
執行正常
2. 給虛擬環境安裝django自帶驗證碼外掛包安裝方法如下# pip install django-simple-captcha (0.5.12)不過在Windows下可以直接使用Pycharm來安裝3. 核心程式碼新增驗證碼App,檔案Demo/settings.pyINSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'app.apps.AppConfig', 'captcha']# 需要遮蔽csrf,會影響post請求MIDDLEWARE = [ 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', # 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',]新增路由,Demo\\\\urls.pyfrom django.conf.urls import url, includefrom django.contrib import adminfrom app.views import refresh_captcha, Checkurlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), # Django驗證碼外掛註冊,不能刪除 url(r'^captcha', include('captcha.urls')), # 獲取驗證碼或者重新整理驗證碼介面 url(r'^refresh_captcha$', refresh_captcha), # 校驗驗證碼是否正確 url(r'^check_captcha$', Check.as_view()),]在app裡面新建service.py,新增下面核心程式碼from captcha.helpers import captcha_image_urlfrom captcha.models import CaptchaStorefrom django.utils import timezonedef captcha(): """ 建立驗證碼 :return: """ hash_key = CaptchaStore.generate_key() # 驗證碼答案 image_url = captcha_image_url(hash_key) # 驗證碼地址 return {'hash_key': hash_key, 'image_url': image_url}def check_captcha(captcha_str, captcha_hash_key): """ 驗證驗證碼 :param captcha_str: :param captcha_hash_key: :return: """ if captcha_str and captcha_hash_key: try: # 獲取根據hashkey獲取資料庫中的response值 get_captcha = CaptchaStore.objects.get(hashkey=captcha_hash_key) if get_captcha.response == captcha_str.lower(): # 如果驗證碼匹配 if get_captcha.expiration > timezone.now(): return True, "驗證成功" else: return False, "驗證碼過期" except: return False, "驗證碼錯誤" return False, "驗證碼錯誤"新增檢視,app\\views.pyimport jsonfrom django.http import HttpResponse, JsonResponsefrom django.shortcuts import render# Create your views here.from django.views import Viewfrom app.service import captcha, check_captchadef refresh_captcha(request): """ 重新整理驗證碼、獲取驗證碼 :param request: :return: """ results = {'status': 0, 'msg': '獲取成功', 'data': captcha()} return HttpResponse(json.dumps(results), content_type='application/json')class Check(View): """驗證碼校驗""" def post(self, request): results = {'status': 1, 'msg': '校驗失敗'} try: data = json.loads(request.body.decode()) captcha = data['captcha'] hash_key = data['hash_key'] status, msg = check_captcha(captcha, hash_key) results = {'status': 0 if status else 1, 'msg': msg} except Exception as error: print(error) return JsonResponse(results)4. 測試效果使用postman獲取驗證碼檢視圖形驗證碼驗證碼校驗,驗證碼提示:驗證碼成功、驗證碼錯誤、驗證碼過期5. 其他配置
[官網文件地址] https://django-simple-captcha.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
具體細節閱讀官網文件內容,模式有好幾種:普通驗證碼校驗、單詞模式、計算模式等
# Django圖形驗證碼配置# 字母驗證碼# 設定 captcha 圖片大小CAPTCHA_IMAGE_SIZE = (150, 45)# 字型大小CAPTCHA_FONT_SIZE = 36# 字元個數CAPTCHA_LENGTH = 4# 超時(minutes)CAPTCHA_TIMEOUT = 10# 驗證碼的背景顏色CAPTCHA_BACKGROUND_COLOR = '#ffffff'# 字型路徑CAPTCHA_FONT_PATH = './conf/Phosphate-Inline.ttf'# 加減乘除驗證碼# CAPTCHA_OUTPUT_FORMAT = '%(image)s %(text_field)s %(hidden_field)s '# CAPTCHA_NOISE_FUNCTIONS = ('captcha.helpers.noise_null',# 'captcha.helpers.noise_arcs', # 線# 'captcha.helpers.noise_dots', # 點# )# CAPTCHA_CHALLENGE_FUNCT = 'captcha.helpers.math_challenge'
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